1. Certification and Partnerships The Privatization of Global Governance?

2. Certification  A process of establishing a set of rules, principles, guidelines, reporting, monitoring mechanism against which processes are products are compared and certified –First-party certification: –Second party certification: –Third party certification

3. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)  “Corporate social responsibility is the commitment of businesses to contribute to sustainable economic development by working with employees, their families, the local community and society at large to improve their lives in ways that are good for business and for development.” IFC, World Bank Group  “A concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis". European Commission http://europa.eu/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/n26034.htm  Triple bottom line reporting?

4. Trends in Corporate Social Responsibility

5. ISO1400 series  Established by the International Standardization Organization (ISO) and business entities  Implemented through business associations  Establishes standards for environmental management (EMS) within enterprises such as waste minimization, eco efficiency, etc.  Members encouraged to apply standard to the entire chain of production

6.  538 forest management companies certified (116 US and Canada)  Cover 42,783,216 hectares in 60 countries  Products with FSC logo –In Home Depot, Lowe’s Home Improvement, Kinko’s