1. Career Deviant or Deviant Careers?
What is the meaning of a Deviant Career?
All persons judged as deviant follow a career process marked by several stages.
Among the stages are:
Entry
Mobility or maturity
Exit

2. Comparison to other Careers
Analogy to “Respectable” Careers
4 Stages to respectable Career:
Entry: busy work, low pay, low power/authority, long hours
Mobility: Career climb ; on the job experience, gratification; still career uncertainty
Zenith: Important assignments; increased authority; security and pay are at a peak
Coasting to Retirement: Prestige still high; work assignments decreasing
Note: What are the typical ages for each stage?

3. Comparison to other Careers
Deviant Career:
Rapid Upward Mobility: No Credentials required to start young with little educ.; Most deviant careers favor youth b/c of willingness to take on risk among youth.
More Frequent Shifts: Most jump from “job” to “job” – shifts vary.
Lateral Shift: Same scene new job
Vertical Shift: Move up or down in status
Context Shift: New scene, same activity
Additional Activities
Short to Long term Commitment varies

4. Comparison to other Careers
Deviant Career:
Earlier Decline:
Police record acquired early in life creates problems.
Loss of networking connections /decreasing physical capacity discourages deviant lifestyle
Wanting Out: 2 Factors
Push Out: Aging, Medical, Burn-out, Criminal Record
Pull Out: Family, Links to respectable circles, Legit. Work opportunities

5. Careers in Deviance Reserve 9. Careers in Deviance (Best & Luckenbill)
Career Concept
ENTERING the Career:
40. Gay Male Christian Couples and Sexual Exclusivity: ***DROP***
Reserve 10. Marks of Mischief : Becoming and Being Tattooed (Sanders)
DISCUSS
39. Joining a Gang: Being Deviant. (Jankowski)

6. Social Organization of Deviance: Street Gangs
Social Disorganization Theory
Chicago School of Sociology (early 1900s)
Emphasizes Ecological Elements in the Urban Environment
Immigrant Questions:
Allow immigrants into US or not?
Genetic differences in immigrants versus “native born” Americans ?
Scapegoating social problems (see Ch. 16)

7. Sociology Organization of Deviance: Street Gangs
Model of the ecological process (Park and Burgess)
Concentric Zone Model of urban development
Zone of Transition
Metro Reef Pattern

8. Sociology Organization of Deviance: Street Gangs
Mapping incidents of Delinquency (55,000 over 30 years)
Shaw & McKay observe spatial patterns in places where delinquency is clustered
Spatial pattern of crime is stable

9. Sociology Organization of Deviance: Street Gangs
Ecological features of Zone of Transition:
Crime rate
Economic depression
Physical deterioration (housing)
Single parent households
High % of renters (vs. owners)
Heterogeneity (a.k.a ethnic diversity)
Spatial Mobility

10. Sociology Organization of Deviance: Street Gangs
Ethnic Succession
Poor are powerless to resist “invasion” of those prone to illegal behavior
Poor can not resist those who are culturally different
New immigrant waves
Gentrification
Cultural Transmission
Criminogenic social disorganization takes root
“Traditions of Crime” are developed & passed on (Subcultural Theories – Sutherland, W. Miller, etc.)
Structures of Criminal Opportunity: Access to Illegitimate Means focused on street (Drug & Property) crime and violent crime

11. Sociology Organization of Deviance: Street Gangs
(Sub)Culture Conflict (Miller 1958)
Working class values: “Focal Concerns”
Trouble
Toughness
Smartness
Excitement
Fate
Autonomy
Have other values developed since the 1950s?
What values are evident in the reading by Jody Miller on Gender, Victimization & Gangs (Ch. 31)?
How is masculinity and gender related to gang membership and member values?
How about Jankowski in Ch. 37 “Join a Gang”?
How about in Godson & Olson’s “International Organized Crime” (Ch. 31)?

12. Exiting A Deviant Career
41. Shifts & Oscillations in Deviant Careers: Upper Level Drug Dealers & Smugglers (Adler & Adler)
42. Exiting Child Molesting (Pryor)