1. The Social Movement Reader: Cases and Concepts Jeff Goodwin and James Jasper pp. 51-54

2. Who Joins and Supports Social Movements Who Joins SM? Theories of recruitment went through several stages: 1) Emphasis on individual traits 2) Structural availability 3) Synthesis of the two

3. Who Joins and Supports Social Movements Resource Mobilization: Shift from Individual to Structural Conditions Shifted focus from individual traits (which had been the focus before the 1960s) to structural conditions that promote protest. “Attitudes were summarily dismissed as unimportant or at least insufficient, for many people had the right attitude but did not participate.” (51)

4. Who Joins and Supports Social Movements “Biographical Availability” and Social Networks What mattered was “biographical availability.” “The best predicator of who will join is whether a person knows someone else already in the movement.” “Social networks were seen as a precondition for the emergence of a” SM. (51)

5. Who Joins and Supports Social Movements Social Networks: Prior activism and org. membership is a predictor of who will join other SM (it is a reliable indicator of future involvement). Networks developed for one SM can be used to create another. SM therefore often happen in waves, or are clustered together. Essay Examples: Doug McAdam “Recruits to Civil Rights” is an example of social networks recruitment.

6. Who Joins and Supports Social Movements Cultural Analysis: Framing and Collective Identity Cultural analysis is an attempt to complement social network analysis. Recruitment and Worldview The argument is that to recruit people, organizers need to present social problems that resonate with potential recruits. Social networks and existing relationships “are important because they allow organizers to tap into prevailing interpretations of the world. “Networks are important b/c of the cultural meanings they transmit.”