1. Week 3: Hematopoiesis Erythrocyte Leukocyte Platelet Plasma and serum Stem cell theory Hemoglobin Hematocrit Anticoagulant EDTA

2. Blood Circulate O 2, nutrients, heat, etc. Erythrocyte Leukocyte Platelet (thrombocyte) Plasma and serum

3. Inside of a blood vessel SEM x 2,500

5. Anticoagulant Chelate Ca ++ ions EDTA Citrate Inhibit clotting enzyme Heparin Inhibit glycolysis Fluoride

7. Erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes SEM x1,825

8. Stem Cell Theory Pleuripotential stem cell Blast cells Differentiation and maturation Release into circulation

10. Recycling Old Cells RBCs have 120-day life span Reticulo-endothelial system removes old and damaged cells Hemoglobin is made of Fe ++, porphyrin ring, and globin chains Fe ++ and globin chains (amino acids) are recycled, but porphyrin ring is eliminated

12. Red Cell Production Oxygen tension Level of erythropoietin EPO Need for more red cells (during growth, recovering from anemia)

13. Hemoglobin Normal adult Hb A 2  globin chains 2  globin chains Heme: porphyrin plus Fe ++ Minor Hb’s  2  2: Hb A 2  2  2: Hb F

14. Kinds of Hemoglobin Oxyhemoglobin: O 2 Reduced (deoxy-) hemoglobin: no O 2 Methemoglobin: oxidized Carboxyhemoglobin: 218 times affinity to CO than O 2 Sulfhemoglobin: sulfa drugs

15. Hb Problems Heme production problem: porphyria Fe ++ problems: IDA, hemochromatosis Globin problem: sickle cell disease, thalassemia

16. Hb Test Reference ranges: Male14.0 - 17.0 g% Female12.0 - 15.0 g% Cyanomethemoglobin method Drabkin’s reagent - ferricyanide Coulter Hemoglobinometer

17. Hematocrit Reference ranges Male42 - 52% Female36 - 46% Packed cell volume Modern instruments calculate Hct from RBC and average cell size

18. Correlation Internal QC Hb x 3 ≈ Hct ± 3