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Cell signals and control pathways List and describe the components in specific 2nd messenger signal transduction pathways Define each of the following and predict their effect on signal transduction: –agonist and antagonist for one receptor –receptor isoforms (one ligand, >1 receptor) –one ligand on one receptor (tonic control) –two antagonistic ligands on one tissue
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http://www.blackwellpublishing. com/matthews/neurotrans.html
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Class problem set: 1. Norepinephrine (NE) is a large protein. Where will receptors for NE be? inside the target cell or on the target cell membrane 2. When NE binds an 1 receptor on a cell’s membrane, there is an increase in IP 3 and DAG in the cell. What membrane bound amplifier enzyme is activated to cause the IP 3 and DAG increase? 3. What ion will be increased in the ICF due to IP 3 ? 4. What ICF enzyme will be activated by DAG?
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Norepinephrine or Epinephrine Example of two ligands and two receptor isoforms
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Tonic control through one signal molecule
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Predict the effect of the following on blood vessel smooth muscle controlled by catecholamines on adrenergic receptors: muscle cell receptor type 1 2 1.increased NE release 2.decreased NE release 3.addition of 1 agonist 4.addition of 2 agonist 5.addition of 1 antagonist 6.addition of 2 antagonist 7.addition of 1 antagonist 1. ConstrictDilate 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
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Control pathways - List the components of a control pathway and identify those components in specific neural and endocrine reflex pathways.
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Ex/ control of lactation
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Negative feedback - maintains homeostasis
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Positive feedback - increases response
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Example control pathways You stand up. (A decision in the brain is transmitted by a motor neuron that releases neurotransmitter to cause coordinated leg muscle contraction.) Decreasing plasma Ca 2+ is detected by the parathyroid gland cells. The glands release PTH in response. PTH will remove some Ca 2+ from bone and increase plasma Ca 2+. You breath in carbon monoxide. You have no receptors for this gas.
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