1. image: www.montecitofire.com Michael Robinson Geography Department UC Santa Barbara Fisherman Behavior and Fishery Management: A Cooperative Investigation

2. Overview Original mapping efforts –GIS & the MPA process Pro-active mapping with fishermen –Socio-economic interviews –“Traditional Ecological Knowledge” –Fishermen modifications Fishermen travel behavior

3. Original mapping efforts GIS & the MPA process

4. MPA Alternatives Environmentalists’ Plan (323 nmi 2 ) Fishermen’s Plan (175 nmi 2 ) Final Outcome (103 nmi 2 in state waters)

5. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

6. MPA Alternatives Environmentalists’ Plan (323 nmi 2 ) Fishermen’s Plan (175 nmi 2 ) Final Outcome (103 nmi 2 in state waters)

7. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

8. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

9. MPA Alternatives Environmentalists’ Plan (323 nmi 2 ) Fishermen’s Plan (175 nmi 2 ) Final Outcome (103 nmi 2 in state waters)

10. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

11. nautical square miles Fishermen phase I86 Fishermen phase II89 TOTAL175 Environmentalist phase I113 Environmentalist phase II210 TOTAL323 MPA (State waters)103

12. Fishermen mapping efforts Socio-economic interviews vs. “Fishermen’s Ecological Knowledge”

13. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

14. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

15. Fishermen concerns and modifications Map design & content Effect of scale Misalignment of data Regulatory overlap & redundancy

17. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

18. Effect of scale Small scale map –covers large area –view relationships within entire region Large scale map –covers small area –see detail & differences –identify “hot spots”

19. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

20. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

21. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

22. Misalignment of data A noticeable portion of the economic data isn’t in the correct place –Difficulty identifying exact locations –Intentional misrepresentation Improved economic data will improve the accuracy of biocomplexity models and reserve analysis

23. Data: CA DFG, NOAA, C.Miller Bathymetry in fathoms

24. Data: CA DFG, NOAA, C.Miller Bathymetry in fathoms

25. Data: CA DFG, NOAA, C.Miller Bathymetry in fathoms

26. Regulatory Overlap Existing fishery management & regulatory redundancy Concentrated fishing efforts outside reserves

27. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

28. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

29. Data: CA DFG, NOAA Bathymetry in fathoms

30. Fishermen Alternatives Rethinking reserve locations Mapping options

31. Data: CA DFG, NOAA, C.Miller Bathymetry in fathoms

32. Data: CA DFG, NOAA, C.Miller Bathymetry in fathoms

33. Data: CA DFG, NOAA, C.Miller Bathymetry in fathoms

34. Alternate fishermen MPAs nautical square miles Alternate MPA (existing)48 Alternate MPA (additional)65 TOTAL113 Current MPA103

35. Fishermen travel behavior

36. Modeling fisherman travel behavior What factors determine when and where a fisherman goes to work? How do these factors vary across: –Fleets –Ports –Fisheries How does this affect the spatial distribution of fish stocks?

37. Time & Distance What factors determine when and where a fisher- man goes to work? Fishing location Physical Variables Water temperature Wind conditions Other “NOAA parameters” Mechanical Variables Market value vs. cost to fish Season closures Equipment “restrictions” (boat/ trap maintenance, etc) WHEN Mechanical Variables Gear restrictions Size restrictions Marine reserves Other closures Physical Variables Bathymetry Substrate Kelp presence Fish presence WHERE Decision “paradigm”

38. Modeling fisherman travel behavior Determining behavior variables: –Location –Duration –Range –Quantity & value Levels of interest: –Boat (individuals interacting on a particular boat) –Port (boats interacting at a certain port) –Fishery (ports interacting/impacting a certain fishery)

39. Conclusions…so far

40. Prospects Improved communication –Among fishermen –Between fishermen, regulators, and scientists Fishermen involvement in mapping and reserve process –Fox guarding the henhouse vs. farmer in charge of the farm (Hilborn et al, 2005) Expanded data collection efforts More efficient and realistic management practices

41. image: Wm. B. Dewey, www.islandpackers.com