1. Fundamental Difference between Urban People Movement and Urban Goods Movement People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely “tours” consisting of many linked and usually clustered customer trips covering a day’s work. To/From Cluster & Between Customers. Customer often specifies time window for service People Movement Largely single origin-destination Urban Goods Movement Largely “tours” consisting of many linked and usually clustered customer trips covering a day’s work. To/From Cluster & Between Customers. Customer often specifies time window for service Warehouse Customers

2. Objective of Pilot Test Characterize Manhattan Goods Movement Congestion By Time-of-Day (ToD) – Key aspect is “expected travel time” by location by ToD – Use normalized concept of “Average Speed” by Activity: Access to/from Manhattan Travel between customers in Manhattan – Receivers tend to be “buyers” of the goods They substantially influence when the goods are delivered Implication: – Value pricing should be focused on the Receiver!! Place incentives on Receivers for off-peak receipts of goods! Place dis-incentives on Receivers for peak hour receipt of goods!

3. Quantifying ToD and Spatial Congestion Method: – Focused on using GPS to objectively measure the performance of the of the urban freight system – Gather frequent (~ every 5 seconds) GPS “Breadcrumb” data: ID, Position, Velocity, Date, Time – Analytically segregate customer stop activity from movement activity Must be done accurately: – Congestion can look like a customer stop – A customer stop can look like congestion

4. GPS Data System Zinc II WinMobile SmartPhone w T*Mobile cellular data com running CoPilot Live satNav software – Live updates every 5 seconds on web Easy data availability to research team, shipper and receiver – Backup data archived every second on SmartPhone – Ability to send stop list and messages to driver – Relatively inexpensive $300 hardware, $50 software, $40/month short term data plan

5. GPS Challenges in NY Met Area Worst “urban canyon” in US – Position can drift substantially (to parallel street) Severe congestion can look like drift – GPS is least accurate in speed and heading at low speeds No GPS in Tunnels Substantial scatter and noise in both position, speed and heading in: – GWB, especially lower level, – Under elevated transit and expressways

6. Preliminary Results from Two Carrier Baldor Specialty Foods New Deal Logistics (NDL)

7. Pilot Test: Remote Sensing of Off-Peak Deliveries: Baldor Specialty Preliminary Results 5 Trucks from Nov 1 through Dec 2, 2009 Alain L. Kornhauser Dec 4, 2009

8. Baldor Total (5 trucks) Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009 Speed Color-coded Baldor Total (5 trucks) Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009 Speed Color-coded <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

9. <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 Baldor Truck #1120 Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009 Speed Color-coded Baldor Truck #1120 Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009 Speed Color-coded

10. Baldor Truck #1120 Tour on 11/19/09 2:21:05 to 12:6:43 Segment Color-coded Baldor Truck #1120 Tour on 11/19/09 2:21:05 to 12:6:43 Segment Color-coded

11. Baldor Truck #1120 Tour on 11/19/09 2:21:05 to 12:6:43 Speed Color-coded Average Speed 8.5 mph Baldor Truck #1120 Tour on 11/19/09 2:21:05 to 12:6:43 Speed Color-coded Average Speed 8.5 mph <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

12. Baldor (5 Trucks) Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009 Speed Color-coded Baldor (5 Trucks) Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009 Speed Color-coded <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 1 st & last trip segment fr/to Hunts Point Connecticut: 33.4 mph Long Island: 13.6 mph New Jersey:24.2 mph Manhattan :13.6 mph 1 st & last trip segment fr/to Hunts Point Connecticut: 33.4 mph Long Island: 13.6 mph New Jersey:24.2 mph Manhattan :13.6 mph

13. Baldor Truck #931 Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009 Speed Color-coded Baldor Truck #931 Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009 Speed Color-coded <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

14. <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 Baldor Truck #1040 Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009 Speed Color-coded Baldor Truck #1040 Nov 1 to Dec 2, 2009 Speed Color-coded

15. Pilot Test: Remote Sensing of Off-Peak Deliveries: New Deal Logistics Preliminary Results Initial use of 4 CoPilot | Live SmartPhones from Oct 2 through Oct 14, 2009 Alain L. Kornhauser Oct 19, 2009

16. NDL Total ; Speed Color-coded <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

17. NDL2; Speed: <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

18. NDL2; Speed: <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

19. NDL2; Speed: <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

20. NDL1; Speed:

23. NDL2; P&D Stops:

24. NDL2; Speed:

25. NDL2; P&D Stops: Kings Plaza

26. Tour Stop Segments Lincoln 8AM Oct 5, 2009

27. Device IDTrip #GPS Points # Date (m/d/yr) Start Time (h:m:s) End Time (h:m:s) Dist. (Miles) Av. Speed (MPH) Stop Duration (Hrs) NDL1583110/05/098:10:169:30:2712.279.2eod <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

28. Tour Stop Segments – Lincoln 8AM Oct 2, 2009

29. Device IDTrip #GPS Points # Date (m/d/yr) Start Time (h:m:s) End Time (h:m:s) Dist. (Miles) Av. Speed (MPH) Stop Duration (Hrs) NDL1344010/02/097:56:278:42:0112.3316.20.30 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

30. Device IDTrip #GPS Points # Date (m/d/yr) Start Time (h:m:s) End Time (h:m:s) Dist. (Miles) Av. Speed (MPH) Stop Duration (Hrs) NDL143810/02/099:00:169:03:390.285.0eod <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

31. Tour Stop Segments – Lincoln 8AM - Wall St Oct 7, 2009

32. Device IDTrip #GPS Points # Date (m/d/yr) Start Time (h:m:s) End Time (h:m:s) Dist. (Miles) Av. Speed (MPH) Stop Duration (Hrs) NDL1740510/07/098:17:018:53:2412.9721.40.19 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

33. Device IDTrip #GPS Points # Date (m/d/yr) Start Time (h:m:s) End Time (h:m:s) Dist. (Miles) Av. Speed (MPH) Stop Duration (Hrs) NDL1840510/07/099:04:559:36:044.969.6eod <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45 <7mph 7-20 20-35 35-45 >45

34. Tour Stop Segments – Lincoln 8PM Oct 7, 2009

35. Device IDTrip #GPS Points # Date (m/d/yr) Start Time (h:m:s) End Time (h:m:s) Dist. (Miles) Av. Speed (MPH) Stop Duration (Hrs) NDL38865410/14/0920:15:1021:13:3716.1516.64.13

36. Tour Stop Segments – Lincoln 5pm Oct 13, 2009

37. Device IDTrip #GPS Points # Date (m/d/yr) Start Time (h:m:s) End Time (h:m:s) Dist. (Miles) Av. Speed (MPH) Stop Duration (Hrs) NDL11598610/13/0917:53:4519:25:5916.810.9eod

38. Tour Stop Segments – GWB – 7AM Oct 2, 2009

39. Device IDTrip #GPS Points # Date (m/d/yr) Start Time (h:m:s) End Time (h:m:s) Dist. (Miles) Av. Speed (MPH) Stop Duration (Hrs) NDL21977410/02/096:53:228:05:4439.532.82.06

40. Average Stop–Stop Speeds (MPH) by Time-of- Day for Major Tour Segments Preliminary results from Pilot Test (Oct 2- Oct 14, 2009) Tour Stop Segment Type AM Peak (6am -9am) MidDay (9am - 3pm) PM Peak (3pm -7pm) Overnight (7pm – 6am) Jersey Depot – 1 st Stop in Manhattan 11.8NA11.520.2 Intra- Manhattan stop 9.16.96.710.1 Stops Btwn Outer Boroughs NA10.315.2NA Jersey Depot – Outer Boroughs 30.426.220.8NA Intra NJ Stops 21.430.227.3NA