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Diffractive and total pp cross sections at the LHC and beyond Konstantin Goulianos The Rockefeller University http://physics.rockefeller.edu/dino/myhtml/conference.html Otranto (Lecce), Italy Hotel Baia dei Turchi September 10 - 15, 2010 DIFFRACTION 2010 International Workshop on Diffraction in High-Energy Physics
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 2 CONTENTS Introduction Diffractive cross sections The total cross section Ratio of pomeron intercept to slope Conclusions
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 3 Diffractive pp/pp Processes Elastic scatteringTotal cross section SD DDDPESDD=SD+DD T =Im f el (t=0) OPTICAL THEOREM GAP
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 4 Basic and combined (“nested”) diffractive processes multi-gap “nested” process
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 5 The problem: the Regge theory description violates unitarity at high s d /dt sd grows faster than t as s increases unitarity violation at high s (similarly for partial x-sections in impact parameter space) the unitarity limit is already reached at √s~ 2 TeV
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 6 Standard Regge Theory Parameters: s 0, s 0 ' and g(t) set s 0 ‘ = s 0 (universal IP) g(t) g(0) ≡ g PPP KG-1995 determine s 0 and g PPP – how? KG-1995: PLB 358, 379 (1995 )
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 7 Global fit to p ± p, ±, K ± p x-sections INPUT RESULTS CMG-1996 PLB 389, 176 (1996) Regge theory eikonalized negligible
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 8 Renormalization the key to diffraction in QCD
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 9 Diffractive gaps definition: gaps not exponentially suppressed p p X p Particle productionRapidity gap -ln ln M X 2 ln s X No radiation
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 10 T SD (pp & pp) - data Factor of ~8 (~5) suppression at √s = 1800 (540) GeV suppressed relative to Regge for √s>22 GeV KG, PLB 358, 379 (1995) 1800 GeV 540 GeV M ,t,t p p p’ T SD mb √s=22 GeV RENORMALIZATION MODEL CDF Run I results
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 11 M 2 distribution: data KG&JM, PRD 59 (1999) 114017 factorization breaks down to ensure M 2 scaling Regge 1 Independent of s over 6 orders of magnitude in M 2 M 2 scaling d dM 2 | t=-0.05 ~ independent of s over 6 orders of magnitude ! data
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 12 Gap probability (re)normalize to unity Single diffraction renormalized – (1) 2 independent variables: t color factor gap probability sub-energy x-section EDS 2009: http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/arxiv/pdf/1002/1002.3527v1.pdf CORFU-2001: hep-ph/0203141
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 13 Single diffraction renormalized – (2) color factor Experimentally: KG&JM, PRD 59 (114017) 1999 QCD:
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 14 Single diffraction renormalized - (3) set to unity determine s o
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 15 Single diffraction renormalized – (4) Pumplin bound obeyed at all impact parameters Grows slower than s
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 16 Scale s o and triple-pom coupling Two free parameters: s 0 and g PPP Obtain product g PPP s 0 from SD Renormalized Pomeron flux determines s 0 Get unique solution for g PPP Pomeron-proton x-section Pomeron flux: interpret as gap probability set to unity: determines g PPP and s 0 KG, PLB 358 (1995) 379 S o =3.7±1.5 GeV 2 g PPP =0.69 mb -1/2 =1.1 GeV -1
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 17 Multigap diffraction KG, hep-ph/0203141 y
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 18 Multigap cross sections Same suppression as for single gap! Gap probabilitySub-energy cross section (for regions with particles) 5 independent variables color factor
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 19 Gap survival probability S =
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 20 The total x-section √s F =22 GeV SUPERBALL MODEL 98 ± 8 mb at 7 TeV 109 ±12 mb at 14 TeV
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 21 Born Eikonal T at LHC from CMG global fit @ LHC √s=14 TeV: 122 ± 5 mb Born, 114 ± 5 mb eikonal error estimated from the error in given in CMG-96 caveat: s o =1 GeV 2 was used in global fit! Compare with SUPERBALL (14 TeV) = 109 ± 6 mb
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 22 SD and ratio of '
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 23 Monte Carlo Strategy for the LHC T from SUPERBALL model optical theorem Im f el ( t=0 ) dispersion relations Re f el ( t=0 ) differential SD from RENORM use nested pp final states for pp collisions at the IP p sub-energy √s‘ Strategy similar to that employed in the MBR (Minimum Bias Rockefeller) MC used in CDF based on multiplicities from: K. Goulianos, Phys. Lett. B 193 (1987) 151 pp “A new statistical description of hardonic and e + e − multiplicity distributions “ T optical theorem Im f el (t=0) dispersion relations Re f el (t=0) MONTE CARLO STRATEGY
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 24 Dijets in p at HERA from RENORM Factor of ~3 suppression expected at W~200 GeV (just as in pp collisions) for both direct and resolved components K. Goulianos, POS (DIFF2006) 055 (p. 8)
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 25 SUMMARY Froissart bound Valid above the “knee” at √s = 22 GeV in T SD vs. √s and therefore valid at √s = 1.8 TeV of the CDF measurement Use superball scale s 0 (saturated exchange) in the Froissart formula, where s 0 = 3.7±1.5 GeV 2 as determined from setting the integral of the Pomeron flux to unity at the “kneee” of s√s = 22 GeV m 2 = s 0 = (3.7±1.5 GeV 2 At √s 1.8 TeV Reggeon contributions are negligible (see global fit) compatible with CGM-96 global fit result of 114 ± 5 mb t = (98 ± 8) mb at 7 TeV – wait and see!
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 26 BACKUP
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 27 Diffractive dijets @ Tevatron p jet reorganize jet
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 28 F D JJ ( , Q 2 ) @ Tevatron
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 29 SD/ND dijet ratio vs. x Bj @ CDF 0.035 < < 0.095 Flat dependence for < 0.5 CDF Run I
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 30 Diffractive DIS @ HERA e Q2Q2 ** p jet reorganize J. Collins: factorization holds (but under what conditions?) e ** t p IP Pomeron exchangeColor reorganization Results favor color reorganization
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 31 Vector meson production (Pierre Marage, HERA-LHC 2008) left - why different vs. W slopes? more room for particles right - why smaller b-slope in *p? same reason
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 32 Dijets in p at HERA - 2008 DIS 2008 talk by W. Slomiński, ZEUS 20-50 % apparent rise when E T jet 5 10 GeV due to suppression at low E T jet !!!
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 33 Unexpected, not understood QCD factorisation not OK Dijets in p at HERA – 2007 Hadron-like e Q2Q2 ** p jet reorganize Direct vs. resolved the reorganization diagram predicts: suppression at low Z | P jets, since larger is available for particles same suppression for direct and resolved processes
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K. Goulianos DIFF. 2010, 09/10-15 Otranto, ITALY Diffractive and total x-sections at LHC and beyond 34 The end
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