1. Perception Studies show that we all have preferred “perceptual styles” Speaker’s preferences may be different than audience’s Effective perception combines styles

2. Perceptual Styles (Adapted from Dunn and Dunn Learning Styles Model) Auditory Focuses on what is heard Remembers 75% heard Distracted by note-taking Visual Focuses on what is seen Remembers 75% seen Summarizes with notes Tactile Focuses on what is touched and manipulated Remembers by touching Takes both traditional and visual notes Kinesthetic Focuses on moving within contextual environment Remembers by doing Distracted by note-taking

3. Perceptual Styles (Cont.) Perceptual styles are only preferences Most people utilize more than one style Most people can learn to use different styles SO Recognize your preference, but learn to use the style(s) that work best for each situation

4. Additional Resources Practical Approaches to Individualizing Staff Development for Adults. R. Dunn & K. Dunn. 1988. “Impact of perceptual preferences on adults’ corporate training and achievement.” Educational Administration and Supervision Journal. 12(2) 3- 15. J. Ingham et. al. 1995 Learning Styles Overview (http://www.geocities.com/~educationplace/ls.html)http://www.geocities.com/~educationplace/ls.html