1. Leadership Mr. Amory Wong Carson Graham Secondary (IB) School

2. Styles  Autocratic  Democratic  Lead-by-example  Mentor  Macro-manager  Micro-manager

3. Autocratic  Military or military-like (police, firefighters, search-and-rescue, …)  Team Coach, Film Director, Executive Chef (not always)  Used when coordination of many people is vital  Often used when there are many rules to follow  Used frequently when time is limited  Must give and ask for loyalty for this style to work  Must make team members feel valued

4. Democratic  Gives team members satisfaction and ownership  Used when team is skilled and/or self-directed  Used when creativity or problem-solving is required  Requires time otherwise there is a risk of incompletion  Leader is generally responsible for overall vision, maintaining focus, schedule, and morale  Outcome can be better than your original vision  Risk mutiny if no vision or control  You must make the final decision!

5. Lead-by-example  Generally very effective  Used by team captains, smaller military-like units, middle managers  Can often be used with autocratic or democratic  Demonstrates that everyone is in the same boat  Be sure not to have a double-standard  Show that you are willing to do less desirable work  Make sure to spend some time leading

6. Mentor  Not everyone is interested in dead-end jobs  Mentoring allows team members to gain responsibilities and skills  Set achievable goals  Help them self-assess  Share your experiences (good and bad)  Encouragement to work through difficulties  Generally monthly or longer between meetings

7. Macro-manager vs Micro-manager  In general, it is best to be a macro-manager  Makes the team feel responsible  Frees up your time for vision and morale  Don’t be completely hands-off  Micro-manager  When training someone for new skills  When re-training someone who has failed  When the project is in trouble

8. Competition vs Teamwork  Allowing individuals to be competitive  Allowing groups to be competitive  Successful teamwork can instill as much satisfaction as winning

9. Giving Instructions  Give oral and written instructions whenever possible  Give vision  Allow questions  Chair the meeting to ensure that there is focus and order  Don’t run meetings without an agenda  Don’t let a meeting drag on  Only invite the relevant people into a meeting  Do an early follow-up then a later one

10. Giving Feedback  Sandwich feedback – positive, wish, positive  Let people know when they are doing a good job  Give your people the credit they deserve  Constructive criticism – don’t be afraid to tell people their work isn’t good enough, but be specific on how they can improve  It’s better to let people know about poor performance than have resentment from other team members  For negative feedback  don’t be angry  be specific about what is wrong  give time for them to think about a response

11. Building a Team  Choosing like-minded vs different people  Always more difficult when you can’t select your team  Find positive people – it only takes one negative person to hurt morale  Experience – provides stability and knowledge that the job will get done  Inexperience – provides enthusiasm and new points of view  Letting bad team members go is more productive for the team – it also lets the people find a position where they can be productive

12. Concluding Remarks  Always use opportunities to watch and learn others leading  Coaches  Bosses  Teachers  Movies and Shows  Case studies  If you are going to be an employee, use this info to look for a good boss  This takes practice!