1. Chapter 14 Section 3: Life on the Home Front

2. Warm-Up 3-17
How did women in World War I help out with the war effort?
What was the Great Migration?
How did the “white man” treat the Native Americans? What kind of land did the United States government give the Native Americans to live on?

3. Women and Minorities Gain Ground
19 million new jobs created
Created hardships:
Families had to move
Higher taxes
90 hour work weeks
Outlook changed  new age of prosperity

4. Appreciation of Military
Men enlisted in the army
White men were gone  factory owners needed more help  minorities and women

5. Warm-Up 3-17 Why was the battle of Midway so important?
What were war bonds? How did this help the war effort?
Do you believe that tensions will rise between African Americans and whites during this time?

6. Women in the Defense Plants
The great symbol of the campaign to hire women was “Rosie the Riveter”
Shipyards, aircraft factories, and other manufacturing plants
Page 501
 Iconic Image during when?

7. Minorities and the Workforce
African Americans Demand War Work-
March on Washington Movement
Securing jobs
Integration in military services
Roosevelt’s response:
No discrimination in employment or military
Created the Fair Employment Practices Commission
First Civil Rights agency from the government since the Reconstruction Era

8. Minorities and the Workforce
Mexican farmworkers
Federal government arranges for Mexicans to help with the harvest in the Southwest
Barcero Program
200,000 Mexicans came to help with the harvest
Built railroads as well
Lasted until 1964

9. A Native on the Move
15 million Americans moved towards the factories jobs
The growth in Southern California and the Deep South created a new region called the Sunbelt.
Housing Crisis
Thousands of workers arriving- Where do you put them?
National Housing Agency- to coordinate government housing programs

10. Racism Leads to Violence
Jobs opened up during WWII many African Americans moved to the jobs  Great Migration (North and West)
Housing shortages
Plumbing, trash, schools
New groups lead to new tensions
First Detroit Riot: June 20, 1943
Bell Isle
25 African Americans killed, 9 whites killed

11. Warm Up 3-18
What was the goal of the Fair Employment Practices commission?
What was the Great Migration?
Difference between Sunbelt and Great Migration
THINK: How did American people sacrifice during World War II? Are all Americans treated equally during this time?

12. Victory Suits Victory suit: No vest/no cuffs
Goal: To save materials or ration cloth/material
Everyone needs to do their part to cut back!

13. Zoot Suits Southern California
Mostly Mexican Americans wore these suits
Zoot suit: baggy unpatriotic
Expensive/flashy

14. Zoot Suit Riots Rumors of Zoot-suiters attacking sailors
Soldiers stormed into Mexican neighborhoods in L.A.
Cut their hair, tore off their suits, and attacked the Mexican teenagers
Police did NOT intervene
How did the Mexican Americans feel?
Zoot Suits were banned

15. Japanese American Relocation
Some Americans felt threatened by Japanese Americans
They would possibly be spies
Would support if Japan invaded the west coast
Backlash because of Pearl Harbor
Members of Congress demanded that Japanese people be removed from the West Coast
1:30
What does this remind you of?

16. Japanese American Relocation
1942 FDR signed order
Allowed military to declare any part of the United States a military zone and remove people
Forced all Japanese Americans to move to internment camps
Supreme Court upheld relocations

17. Japanese Relocation Camps
Reparations were paid to any surviving Japanese American still alive President Regan
Does this make it ok?

19. Daily Life in Wartime Economics
Materials were short in supply (tires, oil, meat)  very expensive/high prices
Increased wages  higher demand for labor
People are now making more money
What is the economic problem the U.S. might have?

20. Goal: To control Inflation
Price controls: Government controls the prices
Rationing: Limited the purchase of  make sure there is enough for the military
Victory Gardens: Grow your own food  cut back on spending
Scrap Drives: Recycle metals  spend less money

21. Victory Gardens and Scrap Drives

22. Rationing: Blue Points-Red Points-Everyone Wins!
Blue coupons(blue points)- controlled processed foods
Red Coupons/points- controlled meats, fats, and oils
Meat and Sugar
Gasoline and driving distances
SPEED LIMIT SET AT 35 mph!

23. What would you do if you wanted to buy a new car?
What is the first thing you need to do if you wanted to buy a new Mustang?
Loan
New job/second job
Cut spending
How would a country finance a war?
War bonds (loans)
Increase taxes (getting a job)
Rationing (cut spending)

24. Paying for the War Government Raised taxes
But NOT enough to pay for the war
War cost $300 billion  Added to national debt?
To make up the difference government sells war bonds
Buying bonds is a way to lend money to the government  repay bonds PLUS interest
Americans bought $150 billion in bonds to help government pay for war
Did not pay for it all- that is why we still have a national debt

25. What is the goal of this propaganda poster? Who is the audience?