1. DAY 1

2. Photosynthesis Photosynthesis Song Photosynthesis Song

3. Photosynthesis Notes The Sun - Ultimate source of all energy on Earth! Autotrophs – plants, algae & some bacteria that are able to use light energy from the sun to produce nutrients Heterotrophs – cannot produce their own food, obtain energy from the foods they consume (eat) (ex. Animals, fungi, most bacteria)

4. Autotrophs:Heterotrophs:

5. Photosynthesis is the process by which… the energy of sunlight fuels the conversion of water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates (sugars and starches). (a.k.a. “autotrophic nutrition”) Chloroplasts – site of photosynthesis within the cell Chlorophyll – a green pigment found in the chloroplast, absorbs light energy

8. Photosynthesis Equation 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O light C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 E carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen Opposite of Respiration C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + ATP!! E

9. Uses for Glucose Produced Energy source for cellular respiration Can be converted into more complex starches (like cellulose) by plants

10. Uses for Oxygen being Produced required by most living things for aerobic cellular respiration! Plants can transfer some of the oxygen produced to their own mitochondria!

11. PhotosynthesisRespiration BOTH Main Job: Who does it?: Reactants (what it needs): Products (what it makes): Where?

12. DAY 2

13. Practice Questions Which process is directly used by autotrophs to store energy in glucose? (1) diffusion (2) respiration (3) photosynthesis (4) active transport

14. Practice Questions What does the process of photosynthesis produce? 1) starch, which is metabolized into less complex molecules by dehydration synthesis 2) protein, which is metabolized into less complex molecules by dehydration synthesis 3) glycerol, which is metabolized into more complex carbohydrates by dehydration synthesis 4) glucose, which is metabolized into more complex carbohydrates by dehydration synthesis

15. Practice Questions Which process provides most of the oxygen found in Earth's atmosphere? 1) photosynthesis 2) aerobic respiration 3) dehydration synthesis 4) fermentation

16. What factors can affect the Rate of Photosynthesis?? Amount of light (more light, more photos.) Availability of water Temperature (enzymes that work best between 0 – 35 degrees C) pH of soil/water (can affect enzymes)

17. 2 Major Sets of Photosynthetic Reactions Light Dependent Reactions –Take place in the grana –Requires light –Photolysis takes place, splitting water molecules, producing hydrogen atoms & oxygen gas –ATP is also produced Light Independent /Dark Reactions (Carbon-Fixation) –Occur in the stroma –Does not require light –Also known as the Calvin cycle

18. Photosynthesis (Light Reactions) - YouTube Use light energy to produce ATP and NADPH (electron carrier) To make sugar (PGAL) Thylakoid membranes (grana) of chloroplasts Stroma of chloroplasts Only in light though its NOT required ATP, NADPH, Carbon Dioxide Light, water ADP, P, NADP Oxygen, ATP, NADPH Sugar (PGAL) GLUCOSE Only in light

21. DAY 3

22. Design a Leaf!! What would be the best structure for a leaf to carry out its major function…PHOTOSYNTHESIS!!!??? Place the following in order from the top of the leaf to the bottom. –Spongy layer allowing gases to flow to the choloroplasts –Thick, waxy layer –Layer of cells with the MOST chloroplasts –Layer of cells that includes holes for gases to enter or “leave” the leaf –Layer with veins to carry glucose and water to and from the leaf

24. Cuticle Upper epidermis Mesophyll Spongy Mesophyll Lower Epidermis Vein (xylem & phloem Palisades Mesophyll Chloroplasts Xylem (water) Phloem (glucose) Stomate (Stoma) Guard Cells

25. 2. Cuticle 3. Palisades Mesophyll: 4. Chloroplast: 5. Xylem: 6. Phloem: 7. Guard Cell: 8. Stomate: 9. Vein: 10. Lower epidermis: 11. Spongy Mesophyll: Waxy, protective layer, transparent covering Tightly packed cells, MOST photosynthesis occurs here Sites of photosynthesis (use the pigment chlorophyll) Carries water up Carries glucose down Control (REGULATE) the opening and closing of stoma Opening - underside of leaves, allows CO 2 in & O 2/H 2 O out!! TRANSPORTS water and glucose through plant Contains guard cells and stoma Allow gases to circulate!! (Oxygen and carbon dioxide)

27. DAY 4

28. Bellwork Transport, Nutrition, Regulation and Respiration are 4 of the life functions carried out by all living things! How does the leaf carry these out?? In Greek, “stomata” means “mouth”…why do you think the holes in the bottom of the leaf are called stomates??

29. Extra Credit Write on the back of packet… 8-10 line poem on one of these topics (or a combination of 2) Respiration: Include these terms – Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, lactic acid breathing, animals, plants, energy Photosynthesis: Include these terms – Leaf, autotrophs, chloroplast, carbon dioxide, oxygen, glucose, water, sunlight The Leaf: Include these terms – Stomate, open, chloroplast, exchange, palisades, waxy cuticle, sunlight