1. Essential Question:
Describe the structure and function of the major parts in plant and animal cells

2. Prokaryotic Cells Found only in one-celled organisms such as bacteria
Have NO membrane-bound structure

3. Eukaryotic Cells Found in protists, fungi, plants, & animals
They HAVE membrane-bound structures

6. Tough, rigid outer coverings that protect the cell and give it shape.
Cell Wall
Tough, rigid outer coverings that protect the cell and give it shape.

8. Cell Membrane Protective layer around all cells
Regulates interactions between the cell and the environment

10. Cytoplasm Gelatin-like substance that flows inside the cell membrane
Important chemical reactions occur here

11. Organelles Found in eukaryotic cells
Can process energy, manufacture substances, move and store material.

12. Directs all cell activities Contains hereditary material made of DNA.
Nucleus
Directs all cell activities
Contains hereditary material made of DNA.

14. Nucleolus
Located in the nucleus, this organelle is made up of RNA and protein

16. Chloroplasts Found only in plant cells
Green organelles that capture light energy used to make glucose

18. Mitochondria
Organelles where energy is released from breaking down food into carbon dioxide and water

21. Ribosomes
Make proteins needed in the cell for cell membranes and chemical reactions

22. Endoplasmic Reticulum
A series of folded membranes in which materials can be processed and moved around inside the cell.

24. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Has no attached ribosomes
Processes cellular substances such as lipids that store energy

25. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Has attached ribosomes that make proteins

26. Golgi Bodies
Stacked, flattened membranes that sort proteins and other cellular substances and package them into membrane-bound structures called vesicles

28. Lysosomes
Contain digestive chemicals that help break down food molecules, cell wastes, and worn-out cell parts.

30. Vacuole
This expanding and contracting organelle stores water, nutrients, and waste

31. Vesicle
Round structures that contain materials such as molecules and ions, and their job is to transport these materials within the cell.

32. Centrioles
Cylindrical structures that are arranged in a bundle. During cell division (mitosis), the centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell. Chromosomes line up along the spindle that forms between the centrioles.

33. Chromosomes
Made up of folded and twisted strands of DNA, which contains instructions for making proteins
Only visible when the cell is undergoing cell division (mitosis), where they line up along the center of the cell and are pulled toward the centrioles located at opposite ends of the cell.