1. Classification of Life The 6 Kingdoms

2. What are the 6 Kingdoms? ► Bacteria (Eubacteria) ► Archaeabacteria ► Protista ► Fungi ► Plantae ► Anamalia

3. ► Some are so small you can’t see them without a microscope ► Others can grow to be meters long ► Some are poisonous ► Others provide food for people What are they?

4. Protists!

5. Kingdom Protista ► Very diverse kingdom---many differences among protists ► ALL protists are eukaryotic ► What is this? ► Eukaryotic organisms have cells with a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

6. Kingdom Protista ► Protists are grouped together into this kingdom based on how they are different from members of other kingdoms  Less complex than other eukaryotes  Protists do not have specialized tissue  Some protists are single-celled and some are multi-celled

7. Animal-Like Protists ► Protists move in several different ways.  Some are “free floating” and do not control where they move; they just float  Some protists use a flagella to move  Ameobas are protists that send out a “false foot” to pull itself along  Other protists cannot move at all

8. Plant-Like Protists ► Protists get food in different ways. ► Producers—these protists go through the process of photosynthesis to make their own food Giant Kelp

9. Fungus-Like Protists ► Heterotrophs—protists that eat other organisms or parts/products of other organisms  Decomposers—protists break down dead organisms for their own food  Parasites—these protists invade a host organism to get the nutrients they need to survive Water mold attacking a fish.

10. Kingdom Protista ► Protists reproduce both sexually and asexually  Most protist go through fission—a type of asexual reproduction—to reproduce ► In fission, the offspring is coming from one parent Euglena going through fission.

11. Kingdom Protista ► Protist reproduce both sexually and asexually  Conjugation—sexual reproduction where 2 protists join together and exchange hereditary material in order to form offspring with new combinations of genetic material

12. Kingdom Protista ► Common Members of Kingdom Protista Algae (Plant-like) Diatoms Amoebas Protozoa (Animal-like) Molds

13. How are cheese, bread, and soy sauce related to fungi? A fungus can help make each of these foods.

14. Kingdom Fungi ► All fungi are eukaryotic heterotrophs that have rigid cell walls and no chlorophyll  What is eukaryotic? ► Fungi have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles  What is a heterotroph? ► Fungi get their food by eating other organisms or their byproducts and cannot make their own food

15. Kingdom Fungi ► Fungi are heterotrophs, but they cannot catch or surround their food. So, how do they eat? ► They have to live near or actually on their food supply (usually dark, moist areas)

16. Kingdom Fungi ► There are 3 ways that fungi get their food:  Some fungi are consumers—these give out digestive juices onto their food source and then take in the dissolved food  Many fungi are decomposers that feed on dead plants and animals  Other fungi are parasites that invade a host to get their nutrients

17. Kingdom Fungi ► Fungi can either be unicellular or multicellular Yeast is a unicellular fungus. Witch’s Hat is a multicellular fungus.

18. Kingdom Fungi ► Fungi reproduce both sexually and asexually ► Sexual reproduction occurs when the fungi produces special structures that produces sex cells.

19. Kingdom Fungi ► Asexual reproduction occurs 2 ways in fungi  One asexual form of reproduction occurs when the fungus breaks into pieces and each piece becomes a new fungus  The other form of asexual reproduction involves the fungus making spores (small cells that are spread easily by the wind)

20. Kingdom Fungi ► Fungi are classified based on their shape and the way they reproduce ► Common members of Kingdom Fungi: Mushrooms Smut Penicillium

21. Three types of Fungus ► Are named for the appearance of their reproductive structures.  Club fungus includes mushrooms, rusts, and puffballs.  Sac fungus includes yeasts, morels, and truffles.  Zygote fungus includes fruit and bread molds.

22. The Six Major Roles of Fungus ► Help make food ► Decomposers ► Recyclers ► Disease causing ► Disease fighting ► Assist plants grow stronger and taller

23. Lichens ► Lichens consists of a fungus and either an algae or autotrophic bacteria that live together in a mutualistic relationship.

24. Label the Mushroom ► Use the following terms when labeling:  Hyphae  Cap  Gills