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AP Biology Daily Warm-up Friday, October 10 th Describe the Kreb’s Cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. How many ATP are produced in each? HW: -Read 7.5 and finish cell respiration project Turn in: -Nothing
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AP Biology Today’s Task Create a representation of cellular respiration in your own words Prezi Comic strip Story 15 points Need glycolysis, Kreb’s Cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and their details.
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AP Biology Peep video Bioflix video on cell respiration Cell respiration video http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=3aZrkdzrd04
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AP Biology Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
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AP Biology Remember energy coupling?
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AP Biology Yielding Energy Catabolic processes in the cell Anaerobic respiration Aerobic respiration Both of these comprise cellular respiration
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AP Biology How do we harvest energy from fuels? Digest large molecules into smaller ones break bonds & move electrons from one molecule to another as electrons move they “carry energy” with them e-e- ++ e-e- +– loses e-gains e-oxidizedreduced oxidationreduction redox e-e-
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AP Biology How do we move electrons in biology? Moving electrons in living systems electrons cannot move alone in cells electrons move as part of H atom p e + H + H +– loses e-gains e-oxidizedreduced oxidationreduction C 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 6CO 2 6H 2 OATP +++ oxidation reduction H e-e-
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AP Biology Oxidation & reduction Oxidation adding O removing H loss of electrons releases energy exergonic Reduction removing O adding H gain of electrons stores energy endergonic C 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 6CO 2 6H 2 OATP +++ oxidation reduction
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AP Biology
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Moving electrons in respiration Electron carriers move electrons by shuttling H atoms around NAD + NADH (reduced) FAD +2 FADH 2 (reduced) + H reduction oxidation P O–O– O–O– O –O–O P O–O– O–O– O –O–O C C O NH 2 N+N+ H adenine ribose sugar phosphates NAD + nicotinamide Vitamin B3 niacin P O–O– O–O– O –O–O P O–O– O–O– O –O–O C C O NH 2 N+N+ H NADH carries electrons as a reduced molecule reducing power! How efficient! Build once, use many ways H like $$ in the bank
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AP Biology Metabolism is tightly controlled
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AP Biology Overview of Cellular Respiration 3 metabolic stages Anaerobic respiration 1. Glycolysis respiration without O 2 in cytosol Aerobic respiration respiration using O 2 in mitochondria 2. Krebs cycle 3. Electron transport chain C 6 H 12 O 6 6O 2 ATP6H 2 O6CO 2 +++ (+ heat )
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AP Biology Step 1: Glycolysis Glucose (6C) is cleaved into 2 molecules of pyruvate (3C) Requires 2 ATP but produces 4 ATP 2 NAD+ are reduced to 2 NADH
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AP Biology
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Glycolysis and Evolution Core process shared by all domains
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AP Biology
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Next Step Anaerobic conditions- Fermentation Makes 2 ATP Aerobic conditions- Citric Acid Cycle aka Kreb’s Cycle
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AP Biology Step II: Citric Acid Cycle Inner membrane of mitochondrion Pyruvate becomes acetyl CoA
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AP Biology
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Step III: Oxidative Phosphorylation 2 steps Electron Transport Chain Transfer of electrons Proteins embedded in membrane Last transfer is to oxygen No ATP Chemiosmosis ATP synthase
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AP Biology
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Fermentation Anaerobic respiration Electron transport chain does not use oxygen Fermentation Extension of glycolysis Must recycle NADH back to NAD+ Done by transferring electrons to pyruvate (end product)
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AP Biology Two Types of Fermentation Alcohol Fermentation Pyruvate converted to ethyl alcohol CO2 produced Bacteria and yeast Lactic acid Fermentation Pyruvate reduced directly by NADH to form lactic acid Fungi and bacteria Cheese Human muscle cells…
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