1. 1 Technical & Progress Meeting INESCOP PROJECT PROGRESS AND PLANNED ACTIVITIES Pisa (Italy) ICCOM-CNR 22 nd June 2012 Mercedes Roig Joaquín Ferrer INESCOP LIFE 10 ENV/IT/364

2. 2 First steps taken by INESCOP ACTIONDATE A2. Study of environmental impact of fatliquoring agents Jan-May’12 A14. Dissemination material preparationMar-May’12 A19. International fairs and other eventsFeb-May’12 A20. Contribution to project websiteApril-May’12 A23. Project managementContinuous

3. 3 Environmental impact of fatliquoring agents Objective: To assess the environmental impact of fatliquoring agents Tasks: –Selection of leather fatliquoring product families –Definition of parameters to be analysed –Preparation of leathers –Laboratory and semi-industrial scale tests –Analysis of fatliquoring products –Characterization of fatliquoring residual baths Responsible: INESCOP

4. 4 1. Selecting the fatliquoring products most commonly used in EU tanneries Fatliquoring agents RefFatliquoring familiesRefFatliquoring families 1Sulphated olein6 Sulphated ester 2Sulphonated olein7 Phosphoric ester 3Sulphited olein8 Sulphochlorinated paraffin 4Sulphited fish oil9 Synthetic oil 5Oxidised lecithin10 Fatliquoring polymer

5. 5 2. Selection of the parameters to be assessed Parameters to be assessed Fat in leather Chromium VI Physical tests Fatliquoring products Arsenic Cadmium Lead Fatliquored leather Residual baths pH Conductivity COD - BOD Biodegradability Chromium III Oils & Fats next semester

6. Test reference Type of fatliquoring product and characteristics Type of skin and treatment Fatliquoring products analysis Leather analysis: –physical tests, –chemical tests –organoleptic properties Wastewater analysis Control sheets for tests & results

7. 7 3. Leather fatliquoring tests 4. Analysis for the assessment of environmental impact Semi-industrial Pre-industrial Laboratory Fatliquoring products - Residual baths - Fatliquored leathers Impact assessment tests and analyses next semester

8. 8 Characterization of fatliquoring products Arsenic < 40 ppm Cadmium < 2 ppm Lead < 8 ppm All fatliquoring products are Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead-free

9. Wastewater characterization_pH The fixation of the fatliquoring agent is made by acidifying at pH <4 In the tests carried out, the pH values were adequate 9 1.Sulphated olein 2.Sulphonated olein 3.Sulphited olein 4.Sulphited fish oil 5.Oxidised lecithin 6.Sulphated ester 7.Phosphoric ester 8.Sulphochlorinated paraffin 9.Synthetic oil 10.Fatliquoring polymer Laboratory test Semi-industrial test

10. 10 1.Sulphated olein 2.Sulphonated olein 3.Sulphited olein 4.Sulphited fish oil 5.Oxidised lecithin 6.Sulphated ester 7.Phosphoric ester 8.Sulphochlorinated paraffin 9.Synthetic oil 10.Fatliquoring polymer Laboratory test Semi-industrial test Wastewater characterization_conductivity The environmental impact of fatliquoring agents on conductivity is not very significant compared to other products and stages Provisionally, sulphochlorinated paraffins are the fats with the greatest impact on this parameter

11. 11 Wastewater characterization_COD 1.Sulphated olein 2.Sulphonated olein 3.Sulphited olein 4.Sulphited fish oil 5.Oxidised lecithin 6.Sulphated ester 7.Phosphoric ester 8.Sulphochlorinated paraffin 9.Synthetic oil 10.Fatliquoring polymer Laboratory test Semi-industrial test The environmental impact of fatliquoring agents on the COD is quite significant Provisionally, sulphated oleins are the fats with the greatest impact on the COD

12. 12 Wastewater characterization_BOD The environmental impact of the fatliquoring agents on the BOD is quite significant So far, sulphited olein, sulphited fish oil and oxidised lecithin are the fats with the greatest impact on the BOD 1.Sulphated olein 2.Sulphonated olein 3.Sulphited olein 4.Sulphited fish oil 5.Oxidised lecithin 6.Sulphated ester 7.Phosphoric ester 8.Sulphochlorinated paraffin 9.Synthetic oil 10.Fatliquoring polymer Laboratory test Semi-industrial test

13. 13 Wastewater characterization_biodegradability 1.Sulphated olein 2.Sulphonated olein 3.Sulphited olein 4.Sulphited fish oil 5.Oxidised lecithin 6.Sulphated ester 7.Phosphoric ester 8.Sulphochlorinated paraffin 9.Synthetic oil 10.Fatliquoring polymer Laboratory test Semi-industrial test The biodegradability is determined as BOD/COD The biodegradability of the fatliquoring agents tested is quite reduced (< 0.3), which shows that they are not biodegradable Non biodegradable Poorly biodegradable Highly biodegradable Biodegradable

14. 14 Wastewater characterization_Cr(III) 1.Sulphated olein 2.Sulphonated olein 3.Sulphited olein 4.Sulphited fish oil 5.Oxidised lecithin 6.Sulphated ester 7.Phosphoric ester 8.Sulphochlorinated paraffin 9.Synthetic oil 10.Fatliquoring polymer Laboratory test Semi-industrial test For the moment, sulphated olein is the product that releases the least amount of Cr(III) from the leather In contrast, sulphited fish oil and oxidised lecithin release a greater amount of Cr (III)

15. 15 Wastewater characterisation_Oils&Fats The results obtained are very different because of the different solubility of the fatliquoring products in the solvent used in the extraction (80:20 Hexane/tert-Butyl Methyl Ether) 1.Sulphated olein 2.Sulphonated olein 3.Sulphited olein 4.Sulphited fish oil 5.Oxidised lecithin 6.Sulphated ester 7.Phosphoric ester 8.Sulphochlorinated paraffin 9.Synthetic oil 10.Fatliquoring polymer Laboratory test Semi-industrial test

16. Wastewater characterization: provisional results There are significant differences in the laboratory and semi- industrial scale tests results Laboratory scale tests: –Wastewater more concentrated, due to a lesser fixation of products because of the lower mechanical effect Pre-industrial scale tests: –So far, none of the families assessed stand out for their lower environmental impact on all the parameters

17. 17 Characterisation of the leathers Organoleptic properties: Feel: good degree of softening Colour: different shades but acceptable Firmness: adequate firmness of the leather There are no significant differences in the appearance of the leathers depending on the type of fatliquoring agent used

18. Dissemination material preparation

19. Preparation of press releases and a piece of news on INESCOP’s Environment Newsletter Jan’ 12 & Feb’12

20. Dissemination Poster LIFE ECOFATTING INESCOP Elda (Alicante) 21 st Edition ECOFIRA 2012 Valencia (Spain) 29 th February – 2 nd March 2012

21. Conference in Green Week Satellite events FCVRE - Brussels (Belgium) 22 nd May 2012 Dissemination 12 th Edition Green Week Brussels (Belgium) 22 nd – 25 th May 2012

22. A20. Contribution to project website

23. 23 INESCOP´s next steps ACTIONDATE Action 2. Study on the fatliquoring agents environmental impact: –Test on leather fatliquoring –Test at pre-industrial level June-Dec’12 Action 4. Environmental demonstration of natural products at lab level June 12-Mar’13 Action 5. Fatliquoring at a semi-industrial level with natural products. Sep’12-Jun’ 13 Action 6. Environmental demonstration at pre- industrial level Jan-Dec’13 Dissemination (fairs, press releases, etc.)Continuous Contribution to project websiteContinuous

24. 24 Thanks for your attention