1. Managing Risk with the IPDE Process
Chapter 5
Managing Risk with the IPDE Process

2. This chapter discusses how learning the and using the IPDE Process helps new drivers become responsible, low-risk drivers.
Key idea

3. Risk Factors What is a risk factor? Types of Risk Factors
Anything that can increase the possibility of a collision.
Types of Risk Factors
Driver Contributed
Name 5 others that would fall under this category.
Vehicle Contributed
Roadway/Environment Contributed
Activity – 2 volunteers and 9 pieces of paper needed.
Pick 3 driver contributed risk factors, 3 vehicle contributed risk factors, and 3 road/environmental contributed risk factors and write one on each piece of paper. Select one volunteer as “first driver” and toss a risk factor to them, if they catch it they “don’t crash.” Then take the second driver and throw all nine risk factors at the same time, they need to catch all 9 to “avoid crashing.” Point is to get them to understand that the more risk factors to deal with the harder the driving task becomes. Ask what factors can be eliminated (Driver and vehicular for the most part). Eliminating those will make driving easier because there will less problems to deal with while driving.
Risk Factors

4. Zone Control System & the IPDE Process
There are 6 zones around the car
What is an Open Zone?
What is a Closed Zone?
Use your Line-of-Sight to identify open and closed zones so you can predict if you will need to make changes to your Path-of-Travel.
Zone – One of 6 areas around your car
Open Zone – Space where you can drive without restrictions
Closed Zone – Space not open to you because of a restriction in your line of sight or your intended path of travel.
Line of Sight – The distance you can see ahead in the direction you are looking.
Path of Travel – the space your vehicle will occupy as your vehicle is directed towards the target area.
Zone Control System & the IPDE Process

5. The IPDE process is an organized method of seeing, thinking and responding to a driving situation.
4 step process:
Identify
Predict
Decide
Execute
IPDE Process Video
The IPDE Process

6. To identify we use an orderly visual search pattern to find the following information:
Open an closed zones
Specific clues
Other users
Roadway features/conditions
Traffic controls
Line-of-sight restrictions
Identify

7. Use knowledge, good judgment, and prior experiences to predict:
Actions of other users?
How our speed will effect us?
How our direction will effect us?
Will we have good control if we need to change speed or direction?
Are you thinking about what might be behind the curve?
Predict

8. Decide We have 4 basic choices to decide about to avoid a collision:
Change/maintain direction
Car filming swerves to avoid collisions
Change/maintain speed
Watch car passing on the right
Communicate with other drivers
Pedestrian crossing hard to see with glare
Combine the above actions
Ambulance brakes and swerves to avoid pedestrian crossing street
Keep sound muted for videos 2 and 3??
1st video an example of changing direction to avoid a collision.
2nd video and example of changing speed to avoid collision. (Russian video – Russian voices)
3rd video an example of communicating to other drivers to avoid a collision. (Russian video – poor sound quality – Russian voice)
4th video an example of combining actions to avoid a collision.
Decide

9. Execute This means to simply carry out the decision you made
Change direction = steering or changing lane position
Change speed = braking/accelerating
Communicating with others = signaling, hand signals/gestures, or honking
Combining actions = doing two or more of the above together
Execute

10. Smith System (Note: not in textbook)
An organized method to help drivers develop good viewing habits.
Aim high in steering
Look seconds ahead of your path-of-travel; keep your eyes up avoid watching the front of your car.
Keep your eyes moving
Scan left and right and out and in in an orderly visual search pattern for hazards.
Get the big picture
Check mirrors and blind-spots regularly to identify what is going on around you
Make sure others see you
Position yourself to be seen; use signals and horn when necessary to communicate to others
Leave yourself an out
Always have space around your car to move to in case of an emergency; avoid trapping yourself with no where to go.
Smith System (Note: not in textbook)

11. Maintaining a Safe Path of Travel
Minimize a hazard
Separate hazards
Compromise space/hazards
Maintaining a Safe Path of Travel

12. For Your Quiz Students should be able to:
List and explain the 4 parts of the IPDE Process
Be able to list the 6 items under Identify, the 4 items under Predict, the 4 items under Decide, and the 1 item under Execute.
List and explain the 5 parts of the Smith System
Not in textbook; only in notes!!!
List the 3 actions to help maintain a safe path of travel
For Your Quiz