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Chapter 24 Between the Wars
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Women after the War Women were rewarded for their contributions to the war effort by granting them voting rights Return to normalcy was difficult (going back in the home)
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Inflation in Germany Germany prints more money This only added to the inflation (rise in prices) German mark soon became worthless
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The Great Depression Economic collapse, known as the Great Depression Depression, a period of low economic activity and rising unemployment
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Causes of the Depression Oct. 1929, the U.S. stock market crashed, and the prices of stocks plunged In a panic, U.S. investors withdrew even more money from Germany & other European markets Industrial production was declining & unemployment was rising
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Responses to the Depression Governments did not know how to deal with the crisis Cut costs by lowering wages & raising tariffs to exclude foreign goods from home markets This made the economic crisis worse Increased government activity in the economy Goes against Laissez faire tradition Renewed interest in Marxist doctrines Communism became more popular Led masses to follow political leaders who offered simple solutions
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The Rise of Dictators Totalitarian state is a government that aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural lives of its citizens. –Mass propaganda –Single leader & a single party –limited individual freedom –Active involvement of the masses (everyone had to be defenders of dictators)
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Fascism Strong military, rule by dictator, use of violence and terror Censorship and government control of the news Extreme nationalism State control of economy Strict discipline and blind loyalty to leader glories the state above the individual by emphasizing the need for a strong central government led by a dictatorial ruler.
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Fascism in Italy Early 1920’s, *Benito Mussolini fascist ruler of Italy Created new laws, suspended publications, increased police powers Ended free elections, free speech and free press Killed or jailed enemies “Mussolini is Always Right” Youth groups were used to promote ideals
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The Rise of Hitler and the Nazis causes WWI debt and wish for revenge Weak governm ent and the wish for a return to strong leader Economic problems- inflation (Weimar Republic) Shift of blame to minority groups Idea of a super race Use of terror and force
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Hitler as dictator (The Third Reich)
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