1. Let’s Review!! When do teeth form beneath the gums?
On average, when do most teeth break the gum surface?
What is the average length of a newborn baby?
What is the average weight of a newborn baby?

2. What is the process where bones begin to harden?
What two nutrients are essential for bone development?
What is gross motor development?
What is fine motor development?

3. Infants – Physical Development Part 2
Child Development
Unit 2: Infants
Godbey 3

4. Head-to-Foot Begins before birth
Unborn baby develops a head, then arm buds, and then leg buds
At birth, babies have well-developed facial muscles but less-developed leg muscles. 4

5. 5

6. Head and Neck Control Heads supported continually
By two months= most babies spend a great deal of time with their heads and chests raised.
3 and 4 months= eye muscles are well developed, permitting babies to focus on objects in any direction, smile,
6 months= head control is complete

7. Trunk Control
Control of trunk develops slower than control of the head
Two milestones of trunk control:
Rolling over
Sitting

8. Rolling Over 2-5 months = Roll over front to back
3-6 months = Roll over back to front

9. Sitting
Takes time
Must first gain strength in neck and back and must be able to control the head

10. Watch What I Can Do!! 2 months = chin up
3 months = chest up, arm support
4 months = sits with support (pillow)
5 months = sits on lap; grasps object
6 months = sits on high chair, grasps dangling objects
7 months = sits without support

11. 8 months = stands with help
9 months = stands holding furniture
10 months = creeps
11 months = walks when led
12 months = pulls to stand by furniture
14 months = stands alone
15 months = walks alone

12. Examine the following photos
Examine the following photos. Estimate the babies’ ages based on the skills each is demonstrating

13. Approximately 3 Months

14. Approximately 10 Months

15. Approximately 4 Months

16. Leg Control Last phase of head-to-foot development
Leg control = LOCOMOTION!
Babies usually go through the following stages:
Crawling
Creeping
Standing
Walking

17. Crawling
Playing with toes is a sign of the leg control needed for crawling
When hands and feet work together smoothly, this shows leg control.
Babies crawl by pulling with the arms; abdomen is not lifted from the floor
Usually occurs around 7 months!

18. Creeping Occurs between 6-8 months
Creeping means to move by using the hands and knees or hands and feet.
Abdomens and hips are lifted from floor, alternatively

19. Standing and Walking Supported Standing
Pull themselves to standing position
Cruising = walking by holding something for support
As they develop, babies stand further away from objects

20. Center-to-Extremities Development
Control begins with the trunk then arms, hands and fingers
Then extends to hips, legs, feet then toes.
Control = starts center and moves outward
Grasping Handout! 