1. Important considerations & contributions of flourishing shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh Khairul Hassan Doctoral student Maritime Engineering, Kyushu University, Japan

2. Overview Introduction History of shipbuilding in Bangladesh Shipyards & shipbuilding Shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh and initial essential steps Technology used in Shipyard Essential steps in Ship design and ship operation Contributions of the shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh Conclusion

3. Introduction  Demand of shipping transportation increasing  Creating pressure on shipbuilding industries  Most of the shipyards are busy for production  Report on 2008  most of the shipyards are unable to make new contract by 2012.  About one third of the overall cost for labour  This industries are looking for cheap labour region  For expanding their activities  Bangladesh is the most suitable place

4. History of Shipbuilding in Bangladesh  Between 15th and 17th century Bangladesh  the centre for the building of ocean-going vessels in Asia  In the early 19th century the shipyards in Chittagong  built many commercial ships up to 1,000 tons  But this industry did not expand properly due to  lack of infrastructures and equipments facilities,  lack of skill workers and  improper governmental activities and dedication.

5. Shipyard & shipbuilding  Main Objectives of the shipyard  Economical & qualitative productions  Ensure the safe working environment  Environment friendly activities of the shipyard  Main purposes of the ship building  Transfer goods, materials, animals etc  Safely, economically and timely  Environment friendly ship operation  Considerations to meet the purpose of shipbuilding  Proper ship design & construction  Proper ship operation

6. Initial steps for establishing shipyards  In shipyard activities  Handling the most heavy materials & scraps  Welding,cutting, assembly and erection of large blocks  Important Factors  Shipyard location & layout  Well trained workers for design and manufacturing  Most important factor > strong govt. support and dedication.  Huge opportunities:  Good Geographical position  Good communication facilities  Many inland shipping routes  Low labor cost  Multi cultural country  Friendly working environment

7. Initial steps for establishing shipyards  Shipyard profitability initially depends on  Good location is important (waterway & road tans.)  supplying raw materials to shipyard  delivery the ship  Well developed shipyard layout  Proper placing of the departments is very important  For reducing the production time  For reducing labour costs.  Efficient management systems  Present production 2-3ships per year  Increase about 20-30ships per year

8. Systematic Shipyard Layout (Flow of materials)

9. Present Condition of Shipyard Layout (Flow of materials)  Still now there is no well developed systematic production line

10. Safety in a Shipyard  Most of the risky works  Manual welding  Manual plate (steel) cutting  Manual transferring  plates & scraps

11. Shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh  Present condition  Building 100m length (Small medium size)  Most works doing  Manually & risky # Each shipyard per year  Major & minor accidents  About 20-50  Where as in abroad  About 2-5accidents

12.  Even though huge prospers  But not explore properly  Lack of consciousness & knowledge  Lack of technology Shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh

13.  That can reduce the quantity of the production. Shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh  Assembling & storing the blocks getting any empty space.

14.  During hull preparation for painting the wash water including  the removing marine growth on hull and old paint  high levels of heavy metals Contaminants with the nearby waters.  Paint stripping and painting activities are significant sources of pollution  Solvent-based paints including volatile organic compounds(VOCs), anti-fouling regulated hazardous 14  During repairing of old ships  Wastages, sewage, oily things  Coating of the hull, ballast and bilge water pollute marine environment Environmental factors of Shipyard activities

15. Ship building  Ship design  Need highly skill employ (Naval Architect)  Ship construction  Need Skill and medium skill employs  Medium or non skill people are available in BD  Ship operation  Need Skill and medium skill employs  Medium or non skill people are available in BD

16.  For high speed ship wave resistance is very important  By design optimization - required skill person.  About 8% fuel consumption and emissions can be reduced.  For low speed ship frictional resistance is very important  Smoothing hull - required regular maintenance.  About 3-4% fuel consumption and emissions reduced. Which method is best in Bangladesh?

17.  In Bangladesh for power reduction  frictional resistance reduction most applicable method.  In Bangladesh difficulties :  Reluctant to grow up consciousnesses.  Lack of consciousness  lack of knowledge Which method is best in Bangladesh?  Speed limit of Inland vessels in Bangladesh 6-12knots. # Use available ship design in BD  Saving the fuel consumption about 30%  Reduced the accident about 60% # Regular hull maintenance in BD  Reduced the fuel consumption about 2-3%  Emissions into air about 2-3% #Increased consciousness in BD Reduced the accident about 20%

18. Ship accidents in Bangladesh  Most of the accident happened in Bangladesh  For capsizing the vessels due to lack Stability  The ship main hull required to be water tight  But most of the inland vessels don’t have such hull  Unskilled persons operate vessels  Stability analysis

19. Benefits of proper available design & hull maintenance # Use available ship design in BD  Reduced fuel consumption & emissions about 40%  Reduced the accident about 50% in operation # Regular hull maintenance reduced  The fuel consumption about 4%  Emissions into air about 4%  Almost reduced the unexpected accidents #Increased consciousness  Reduced the accident about 40% in operation  Reduced the air and water pollution about 60%

20. Economical support # Rumor →m ost of the old developed countries  Shipping and ship buildings >behind of development #At the present situation most shipyards are busy *Bangladesh has a opportunity to get the new orders # Good starting and well developed infrastructures >Give permanent expansion in BD  Explore the new opportunity, new job market  About 0.5 million peoples  Directly involve with shipping and shipbuilding  Also indirectly

21. Conclusion  Huge opportunities to expand ship building industries :  Good Geographical position & Low labor cost  Temporary expansion can be sustainable by >well trained people >Well developed infrastructures and production  The ship building industries can meet:  Our own requirements including inland vessels  Growing consciousness & proper steps(design, maintenance) >Almost accident can be prevent >Saving about 50% fuel consumption of inland vessels