1. Guided Reading 16-3
Notes

2. DO NOW: Recreate the diagram below and complete

3. Served as guides and spies
Worked as laborers
Served as guides and spies
Served in Union army and navy

4. We will learn: Why Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation
What role African Americans played in the Civil War

5. Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.
Lincoln portrait, by artist Peter Baumgras
Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.

6. I. A. 1. Why did Abraham Lincoln hesitate to move against slavery?
1. making an issue of slavery would divide the people and make the war less popular

7. 2. How did Northerners’ attitudes toward slavery change as the war went on?
2. They believed that slavery was helping the war effort in the South.

8. B. The Emancipation Proclamation—Why did Lincoln wait to issue the Emancipation Proclamation?
B. He did not want to appear to be acting in desperation when the North seemed to be losing the war.

9. C. 1. Why did the proclamation not actually free any enslaved people?
1. It applied only to areas that the Confederacy controlled.

10. 2. What effect did Lincoln hope the proclamation would have on the enslaved?
2. It would encourage them to run away from their slaveholders.

11. 3. What effect did the proclamation have in Europe?
3. Great Britain and France decided to withhold recognition of the Confederacy.

13. 4. Which amendment, ratified in 1865, truly freed enslaved African Americans?
4. Thirteenth Amendment

14. II. A. 1. By the end of the war, what portion of the Confederacy’s enslaved population had fled to Union areas?
1. about one-sixth

15. 2. What was the main reason Southerners did not want to use African Americans as soldiers?
2. Southerners feared enslaved African Americans would use the weapons, which they would be given as soldiers, in a rebellion.

16. B. Helping the North—Before they were allowed to serve as soldiers in the Union army, how did African Americans aid the Union war effort?
B. as guides and spies

17. C. 1. What was the 54th Massachusetts?
1. one of the most famous African American regiments

18. 2. How did the events of July 18, 1863, win respect for African American troops?
2. Nearly half of the soldiers in the 54th Massachusetts were wounded, captured, or killed in a brave attack on a Confederate fort (Fort Wagner, SC).

19. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Do you think peoples attitudes toward African Americans in the army changed after the 54th’s attack on Fort Wagner?
Most commanding officers in the Union army were white, even in all-African American units.
Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.