1. Introduction to Programming with C++ Fourth Edition
Chapter 11: Arrays
Introduction to Programming with C++
Fourth Edition

2. Objectives Declare and initialize a one-dimensional array
Manipulate a one-dimensional array
Pass a one-dimensional array to a function
Use parallel one-dimensional arrays
Declare and initialize a two-dimensional array
Enter data into a two-dimensional array
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

3. Using Arrays
Simple or scalar variable - one that is unrelated to any other variable in memory
Array - a group of variables that have the same name and data type and are related in some way
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

4. One-Dimensional Arrays
Each variable in a one-dimensional array is identified by a unique number called a subscript
The subscript indicates the variable’s position in the array
First variable in a one-dimensional array is assigned a subscript of 0 (zero), the second a subscript of 1 (one), and so on
Elements – array variables
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

5. Names of the Variables in a One-Dimensional Array Named prices
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

6. Declaring and Initializing One-Dimensional Arrays
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

7. The letters Array in Memory
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

8. Storing Data in a One-Dimensional Array
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

9. Manipulating One-Dimensional Arrays
Display the contents of an array
Access an array element using its subscript
Search the array
Calculate the average of the data stored in a numeric array
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

10. Manipulating One-Dimensional Arrays (continued)
Find the highest value stored in an array
Update the array elements
Sort the array elements
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

11. Displaying the Contents of a One-Dimensional Array
displayMonths() function – demonstrates how you can display the contents of the prices array
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

12. displayMonths() Function
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

13. Using the Subscript to Access an Element in a One-Dimensional Array
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

14. Searching a One-Dimensional Array
Search through an array looking for elements that are greater than a particular value
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

15. Searching a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

16. Calculating the Average Amount Stored in a One-Dimensional Numeric Array
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

17. Determining the Highest Value Stored in a One-Dimensional Array
Search through an array looking for an element whose value is larger than the largest value in the array so far (high)
When the loop is finished, high will be the largest element in the array
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

18. Determining the Highest Value Stored in a One-Dimensional Array (continued)
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

19. Updating the Values Stored in a One-Dimensional Array
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

20. Sorting the Data Stored in a One-Dimensional Array
Arranging data in a specific order is called sorting
Bubble sort algorithm: compare adjacent array elements and interchange (swap) the ones that are out of order
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

21. Bubble Sort
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

22. Passing a One-Dimensional Array to a Function
Arrays are passed by reference
Address of the first element is passed
Include the name of the array in the function call
Do not include the address-of (&) operator before the formal parameter’s name in the function header or prototype
Formal parameter in the header/prototype should list data type, name, and empty square brackets
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

23. Passing a One-Dimensional Array to a Function (continued)
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

24. Using Parallel One-Dimensional Arrays
Parallel arrays – two or more arrays whose elements are related by their position (subscript) in the arrays
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

25. Using Parallel One-Dimensional Arrays (continued)
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

26. Using Parallel One-Dimensional Arrays (continued)
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

27. Two-Dimensional Arrays
Two-dimensional array resembles a table
Variables or elements are identified by a unique combination of two subscripts
Subscripts specify the variable’s row and column position in the array
Initialize elements by entering a separate initialValues section, enclosed in braces, for each row in the array
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

28. Two-Dimensional Arrays (continued)
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

29. Two-Dimensional Arrays (continued)
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

30. Two-Dimensional Array in Memory
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

31. Storing Data in a Two-Dimensional Array
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

32. Storing Data in a Two-Dimensional Array (continued)
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

33. Summary
Array - a group of variables that have the same name and data type
Subscript – a unique number assigned to each array element in memory
One-dimensional array - a column of variables
Two-dimensional array - resembles a table in that it has rows and columns
You must declare all arrays and you should initialize them
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

34. Summary (continued) Various array manipulations:
Displaying the contents of an array
Accessing an array element using its subscript
Searching an array (“linear search”)
Calculating the average of the data
Finding the highest value stored in an array
Updating the array elements
Sorting the array elements
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition

35. Summary (continued) Arrays are passed to functions by reference
Parallel arrays are two or more arrays whose elements are related by their subscript (or position) in the arrays
Introduction to Programming with C++, Fourth Edition