1. Chapter 6 Urinary System
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2. Chapter 6
Lesson 6.1
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6-2

3. Objectives Identify organs and structures of the urinary system.
Define and spell the word parts related to the urinary system.
Define, pronounce and spell disease and disorder terms related to the urinary system.
Define, pronounce and spell surgical terms related to the urinary system.
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4. Urinary System Function
removes waste material from the body, regulates fluid volume, and maintains electrolyte concentration in the body fluid.
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5. The Urinary System
Name some unique anatomical features of the urinary system.
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6. Male and Female Urinary System
Identify the unique anatomical features of the male and female urinary tract.
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7. Male Urinary Bladder Discuss the urinary bladder.
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8. Urinary System
kidneys: 2 bean-shaped organs located on each side of the vertebral column on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity. Their function is to remove waste products from the blood and to aid in maintaining water and electrolyte balances.
nephron: urine-producing microscopic structure. Approximately 1 million nephrons are located in each kidney.
renal pelvis: funnel-shaped reservoir that collects urine and passes it to the ureters
Use a 3-D model of the urinary system, preferably one with removable parts, to identify the individual organs described in this and the next two slides.
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9. Urinary System (cont’d.)
ureters: 2 slender tubes, approximately 10 to 13 inches long, that receive the urine from the kidneys and carry it to the posterior portion of the bladder
urinary bladder: muscular, hollow organ that temporarily holds the urine
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10. Urinary System (cont’d.)
urethra: lowest part of the urinary tract through which urine passes from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body (female, approx. 1.5 inches; male, 8 approx inches)
urinary meatus: the opening through which urine passes to the outside
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11. Combining Forms for the Urinary System
cyst/o, vesic/o
glomerul/o
meat/o
nephr/o, ren/o
pyel/o
ureter/o
urethr/o
Cyst/o and vesic/o refer to the urinary bladder, unless otherwise identified.
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12. Combining Forms Commonly Used with Urinary System Terms
albumin/o
azot/o
blast/o
glycos/o,
glyc/o
hydr/o
lith/o
noct/i
olig/o
son/o
tom/o
urin/o, ur/o
Point out that noct/i is the only form using the combining vowel i.
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13. Suffixes -iasis, -esis -gram -lysis -megaly -ptosis -rrhaphy -tripsy
-trophy
-uria
State the meaning of each suffix.
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14. Three of Four Suffixes Beginning with -rrh
Suffix Meaning Chapter
-rrhea flow, discharge
-rrhagia rapid flow of blood
-rrhaphy suturing, repairing
Give some examples of terms with the suffixes shown in the slide.
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15. Three Word Parts that Incorporate the Root “tom”
Word Part Meaning Chapter
-tome (S) instrument used
to cut
-tomy (S) cut into or incision 5
tom/o (CV) cut, section 6
Give some examples of terms with the word parts shown in the slide
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16. Clicker Question Olig/o is a word root combining vowel combining form
suffix
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17. Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts
cystitis
cystocele
cystolith
glomerulonephritis
hydronephrosis
nephritis
nephroblastoma
nephrohypertrophy
nephrolithiasis
nephroma
nephromegaly
Define these terms and the word parts that they contain.
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18. Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts (cont’d.)
nephroptosis
pyelitis
pyelonephritis
uremia
ureteritis
ureterocele
ureterolithiasis
ureterostenosis
urethrocystitis
Define these terms and the word parts that they contain.
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19. Helpful Information
To correctly define the terms uremia and hematuria, start at the beginning of the word.
Uremia is a toxic condition resulting from urea in the blood. For learning purposes, we have allowed the definition of uremia to be urine in the blood.
Hematuria means blood in the urine.
Hematuria is a symptom, whereas uremia is a serious disorder.
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20. Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word Parts
epispadias
hypospadias
polycystic kidney disease
renal calculus (pl. calculi)
renal hypertension
sepsis
urinary retention
urinary suppression
urinary tract infection (UTI)
Present the terms on this list.
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21. Urinary Tract Infection
Discuss urinary tract infections.
Cystitis
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22. Clicker Question Which term means stones in the kidney?
renal hypertension
hydronephrosis
renal calculi
nephromegaly
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23. Surgical Terms Built from Word Parts
cystectomy
cystolithotomy
cystorrhaphy
cystostomy
cystotomy
lithotripsy
meatotomy
nephrectomy
nephrolysis
Define these terms and the word parts that they contain.
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24. Clicker Question (renal pelvis) / cv / (stone) / cv / (incision)
The correct term to label the diagram is?
a) pyelolithostomy
b) pyelolithotomy
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25. Surgical Terms Built from Word Parts (cont’d.)
nephropexy
nephropyelolithotomy
nephrostomy
pyelolithotomy
pyeloplasty
ureterectomy
urethroplasty
vesicourethral suspension
vesicotomy
Define these terms and the word parts that they contain.
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26. Surgical Terms Not Built from Word Parts
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
fulguration
renal transplant
Give the definitions of the terms.
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27. Chapter 6
Lesson 6.2
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28. Objectives
Define, pronounce and spell diagnostic terms related to the urinary system
Define, pronounce and spell complementary terms related to the urinary system.
Interpret the meaning of abbreviations related to the urinary system.
Interpret, read and comprehend medical language in simulated medical statements and documents.
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29. Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts
Diagnostic Imaging
cystogram
cystography
intravenous urogram
nephrogram
nephrography
nephrosonography
nephrotomogram
renogram
retrograde urogram
voiding cystourethrography (VCUC)
Give the definitions of the terms.
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30. Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts (cont’d.)
Endoscopy
cystoscope
cystoscopy
meatoscope
meatoscopy
nephroscopy
ureteroscopy
urethroscope
Other
urinometer
Give the definitions of the terms and the word parts they contain.
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31. Nephrotomogram Nephrosonogram Types of imaging.
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32. Diagnostic Term Not Built from Word Parts
Diagnostic Imaging
KUB (kidney, ureter, and bladder)
Laboratory
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
creatinine
specific gravity (SG)
urinalysis (UA)
KUB is a simple radiographic image of the abdomen. It is often used to view the kidneys, ureters, and bladder to determine size, shape, and location. It is also used to identify calculi in the kidney, ureters, or bladder and to diagnose an intestinal obstruction.
Give the definitions of the terms in the slide.
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33. Clicker Question Which of the following may be used to diagnose
a stone in the tube leading from the kidney to
the bladder?
cystoscopy
urethroscope
ureteroscopy
renogram
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34. Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts
albuminuria
anuria
azoturia
diuresis
dysuria
glycosuria
hematuria
meatal
nephrologist
nephrology
nocturia
oliguria
polyuria
pyuria
urinary
urologist
urology
Give the definitions of the terms in the slide above and the word parts they contain.
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35. Complementary Terms Not Built from Word Parts
catheter (cath)
distended
diuretic
enuresis
hemodialysis (HD)
incontinence
micturate
peritoneal dialysis
stricture
urinal
urinary catheterization
urodynamics
void
Give the definitions of the terms in the slide.
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36. Abbreviations BUN UA cath UTI ESWL VCUG HD IVU SG
What medical term do each of these abbreviations represent? (blood urea nitrogen; catheter; extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy; hemodialysis; intravenous urogram; specific gravity; urinalysis; urinary tract infection; voiding cystourethrogram)
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37. Clicker Question Which of the following may be used to
withdraw fluids:
ESWL
VCUG
cath SC
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38. Discharge Summary
Bruno Oliver is a 32-year-old white male, appearing his stated age, who was
admitted to the hospital after presenting himself to the emergency department on
09/20/xx in acute distress. He complained of intermittent pain in the right posterior
lumbar area, radiating to the right flank. He has a family history of nephrolithiasis and
has been treated for this condition two other times in the past ten years.
This patient was admitted to the Urology Unit and was administered intravenous
morphine sulfate for pain control. VITAL SIGNS: Low-grade temperature of 99.4.
Initial blood pressure was 146/92.
The white blood count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit normal. The urinalysis showed
microscopic hematuria.
A KUB revealed calculi in the region of the right renal pelvis. A cystoscopy with a
right retrograde urogram confirmed the presence of the three stones in the right
kidney. Minimal ureteral obstruction was present.
A percutaneous nephropyelolithotomy was completed with no complications. A
ureteral stent was inserted as was an indwelling Foley catheter. Drainage from the
right kidney was pale yellow in 48 hours. The Foley catheter was removed three
days postoperatively.
At discharge, the patient is voiding without difficulty. The stones were sent to the
laboratory for analysis. The report indicated that they were calcium oxalate.
The patient is to follow up with his urologist in a week to have his ureteral stent
removed.
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