1. Created by Marianne F. Bates

2. Original sources of information First-hand accounts Created by participants or eye-witnesses Created during the time period Examples

3. Diaries and journals Autobiographies Letters Artifacts Speeches Interviews Photographs Census records Newsreels Artwork, literature and music from the time period Government records (birth, marriage, death, etc.)

4. Compile, interpret, analyze, summarize, or critique primary sources. Written after the events took place Encyclopedias Biographies Reference books Nonfiction books Textbooks Articles that interpret history Websites Documentary videos Newspaper articles and photos created after the time period

7. John J. Pershing by Tim McNeese

9. U.S. Model 1910 mess kit World War I helmet World War I hand grenades

10. The War To End All Wars: World War I by Russell Freeman

12. Political Cartoon 1917

13. “It’s a Long Way To Tipperary” “What Kind of American Are You?” 3:19

16. Frederick Benjamin Critchlow 1887 - 1938

18. Home in Salt Lake City, Utah Wife, Angie Daughter, Virginia

19. “As a result of Virginia’s death, Fred was in the first draft into the army in Salt Lake City in World War I. Virginia passed away in May and by September Fred was gone to war, leaving Angie alone.”

20. About 1918. Angie Critchlow worked as a Red Cross Worker while Fred was in WWI.

21. France, Sept. 26, 1918 “We entered the trenches on Hill 305—Dead Man’s Hill. When on hill 295 we encountered a barrage and intense machine gun fire from Jerry. I got behind a small ridge and bullets were whistling over my head and all around. Shells lit every where it seemed to me except where I was lying. I thot then it was (as the French say) finish Critchlow but I got thru O.K. “That night I slept in a small hole not covered except by a Dutch tarpaulin (tarp) we found. It rained, it invariably does at the front and shells came over all night. We were bombed by airplanes during this action and they also used machine guns on us.”

26. “Battle of the Somme.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kpCUFw-EnNwhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kpCUFw-EnNw “Eat more corn, oats, and rye products.” http://www.ww1propaganda.com/ww1-poster/eat-more-corn-oats-and-rye-products-eat-less-wheat-meathttp://www.ww1propaganda.com/ww1-poster/eat-more-corn-oats-and-rye-products-eat-less-wheat-meat “Frederick Benjamin Critchlow.” Original photo in the possession of C. W. Walker. “Frederick Benjamin Critchlow—Letters to His Wife, Angie.” Original letters in the possession of C. W. Walker. Frederick Benjamin Critchlow. Ancestry.com. U.S., World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005. Frost, Elinor Critchlow. “Biography of Frederick Benjamin Critchlow.” “Gassed” by John Singer Sargent. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gassed_%28painting%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gassed_%28painting%29 “In Front of Napoleon’s Tomb.” Original photo in the possession of C. W. Walker. “John J. Pershing.” titlewave.com Utah Military Records, 1861 – 1970. ancestry.com “The War to End All Wars: World War I.” titlewave.com “Work or Fight.” dakinarchives.net “World War I.” http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ihttp://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i “World War I Songs.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sH4-fYIfC-E “Zimmerman Telegram.” archives.gov