2. Agenda 1. Background/vocabulary of WSNs, wireless sensor networks 2. Some applications of WSNs 3. Components of a WSN 4. Setting up a WSN with local mote programming 5. Setting up a WSN with Over The Air Programming 6. Summarize project results and references

3. Vocabulary Mote from remote as in a wireless transceiver that is also a remote sensor WSN Wireless Sensor Network OTAP Over the Air Programming Hopping data is transmitted from mote to mote until the packet (data) reaches the base Sensor a device capable of sending a reading Gateway base station

4. Senior Project a requirement at St. Edwards. A 3 hour course. Our Project Deploy a WSN in science building/greenhouse Use ‘local’ technique to program motes Use ‘OTAP’ technique to program motes Investigate and report on deployment logistics

5.  A mote consists of 4 components  Sensor(s) board  Microprocessor  Transceiver  Power supply  Sensors are available to sense light, temperature, magnetism, acceleration, sound. Virtually any sensor that can send analog data can be used.  Powered by batteries or ac power

6.  The sensor board from Crossbow with microphone thermistor light sensor magnometer two-axis accelerometer sounder.

8.  Microprocessors have their own language (a small vocabulary to support a small footprint) 128k memory, 7 mhz processor, 4 kb Static RAM for storing data and variables.  Because the motes hardware is so confined they require specialized operating system known as TinyOS.  NesC is the language used to program TinyOS

9.  Packet consisting of  MoteID  GroupID  Date – time  Sensor readings  ParentNode  Packets sent  Frequency – how often  Amount of data

13.  A base station – programming board and mote  Two or three motes, minimum  Accompanying software suite to  Program motes (set up network, set timer, …)  Gather data from the base station  Load data into a database  PC or Server to run the software

14.  The base station is a mote programmed with base software attached to a programming board which is connected to a host  The base station is the key part of a WSN, it receives all the data sent by wireless sensors and is used to program motes before they are deployed  The host is used to store data through a supplied database in the software.

15.  ‘Local’ attach the mote to a programming board which is connected to the host via ethernet cable or serial port.  ‘Over The Air Programming’ (OTAP).  Locally, install/program the mote to receive commands over the air from a base station.  Then, when deployed, it can be re-programmed from the base station and not brought in from the field.

16.  Many motes together make a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)  In WSNs motes form a network by communicating, listening and transmitting information to and from each other and a base station mote.

18.  A wireless sensor that derives the power necessary for it operation from environmental vibrations. The primary purpose of the project is to demonstrate vibration-based power scavenging and its integration into a self-contained wireless sensor that measures and communicates some measured property of the platform, in the present case the temperature. http://www.rlwinc.com/ http://www.rlwinc.com/  MoteTrack is a robust, decentralized location tracking system based on TinyOS motes (Mica2, MicaZ, Telos). MoteTrack allows motes can determine their own location to within 1-2 meter accuracy by comparing received radio signals to a replicated database of stored signatures. http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~konrad/projects/motetrack/ http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~konrad/projects/motetrack/  Other projects can be found at http://www.tinyos.net

19.  Moteview – GUI to view data received, the network, graphs, basic configuration of motes  Moteconfig – programming the motes  Programmers Notepad – source code IDE  Xserve – interface between database and base station  PostgreSQL – database management system

20.  Crossbow Technologies  Dust Networks  Spectrum Technologies

21. References for pricing Crossbow Technologies http://www.xbow.com/Home/HomePage.aspx http://www.xbow.com/Home/HomePage.aspx Dust Networks http://www.dustnetworks.com/flash-index.shtml Microstain http://www.microstrain.com/wireless-sensors.aspx?gclid=CMS7qrykzYsCFQJjSgodEA5XEA Intellisensing http://www.intellisensing.com/ Microdaq http://www.microdaq.com/accsense/index.php?gclid=CKq168umzYsCFSYiSgod3Q9PBA PointSix Wireless http://www.pointsix.com/cgi-bin/PointSix.cgi?Point_Sensors

22.  Crossbow Classroom Kit http://www.xbow.com/Products/productdetails.asp x?sid=233

23. WSN Projects http://faculty.stedwards.edu/laurab/wsn/ http://wireless.industrial-networking.com/articles/articles.asp http://webs.cs.berkeley.edu/users/select_users.php http://www.tinyos.net/