1. National Land Records Modernization Programme
NLRMP
National Land Records Modernization Programme By
L P Sharma,
Technical Director,
NIC Sikkim
INSTRUCTOR NOTE:
This module covers the following topics:
Objectives
Drawbacks of existing system
Components of NLRMP
Underlying Principles
Salient Points
Outputs
Benefits
Programme Logistics
Implementation
Ladder Approach
Scope of NLRMP

2. OBJECTIVE
“To develop a modern, comprehensive and transparent land records management system in the country with the aim to implement the conclusive land-titling system with title guarantee.” 2

3. Issues In Existing System
Multiple handling agencies – lack of coordination. There is a disconnect between the registration office, the land records data and the cadastral data
No uniformity of standards: Different standards followed to specify the same characteristics of land.
Old and outdated, incomplete and inaccurate cadastral records – graphical + textual
Survey/ resurvey using traditional methods are costly, time-consuming and error-prone
Gap between – RoR (Record Of Rights) and Registration
- Registration & RoR (mutation)
- mutation & sub-division(graphic record)
- sub-division and Registration 3

4. Components of NLRMP
Though NLRMP is formed by merging Computerization of Land Records (CLR), Strengthening of Revenue Administration and Updating of Land Records (SRA&ULR), but it contains new components like registration and titling system.
Computerization of Registration
Computerization of land records
Survey/resurvey and updating of the survey & settlement records
Development of core GIS and capacity building.
Automatic flow of data from SRO to Land Records to initiate mutation

5. REGISTRATION
LAND RECORDS
NLRMP
CADASTRAL MAPS

6. NLRMP Center Cadastral Mapping Land Records Registration Internet
Database & Application Server
Switch 100/1000
Scanning
Registration
Cadastral Mapping
Presentation
Land Records
Registration

7. UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES
The system will be based on four basic principles:
The “mirror” principle
The “curtain” principle
A single integral window to handle land records
Title insurance 7

8. National Land Records Modernization Programme (NLRMP) – Implementation of Land Titling System

9. The “mirror” principle
The mirror principle refers to the fact that cadastral records mirror the ground reality.

10. The “curtain” principle
The “curtain” principle indicates that the record of title is true a depiction of the ownership status, mutation is automatic following registration and the reference to past records is not necessary.

11. Title Insurance
Title insurance, which guarantees the title for its correctness and the title holder against loss arising on account of any defect therein.

12. NLRMP Salient Points
Land records will be updated through surveys/re-survey using modern technology such as ETS/GPS,Aerial Photography or satellite imagery.
The land records will be kept updated at all times by interconnecting textual land records, survey maps and registration offices with each other.
The citizen will gain access to his/ her land records as updated land records will be placed on website. This will facilitate the checking of the land records by the citizen and enable the citizen to get loans and credit faster eventually on-line
At the moment 2-3 offices deal with land records. Interconnectivity through IT will enable the state governments to offer “front desk” services so that the citizen can go to a single agency to get updated records.

13. NLRMP Salient Points (cont’d)
The registration will give information on web of property values enabling citizen to pay stamp duty and registration fees through banks instead of having to purchase stamp papers.
The legacy data i.e. past transactions of properties will be posted on the web.
Computerized mutations to reduce time taken for mutations.
The ultimate goal is to introduce title guarantee for property,have updated records all the time , prevent litigations and frauds on land deals as far as possible by providing clear and conclusive titles.

14. OUTPUT Title guarantee/Certificate for property
Have updated records all the time
Prevent litigations and frauds on Land deals

15. BENEFITS The new System will Modernize management of land records
Minimize scope of land disputes
Enhance transparency in the land records maintenance system
Facilitate moving towards guaranteed conclusive titles to immovable properties in the country 15

16. A Possible Approach
LRISD, NIC HQRS, NEW DELHI 16

17. PROGRAMME LOGISTICS To be completed by 12th Plan Impact
Will affect 950 million rural population (approx.)
Will account for 2.2 million sq. kms. (approx.) of rural land
Estimated Programme Cost=Rs 5656 Crore
Centre contributes Rs 3098 Crore
States contribute Rs 2558 Crore 17

18. IMPLEMENTATION
The State Governments/UT Administrations will implement the programme with financial and technical supports from the Dept. of Land Resources, Government of India. Outsourcing is permissible.
The district will be taken as the unit of implementation, where all activities under the programme will converge.
Initial funding will be provided to the States/UTs based on their perspective plan and annual plan for the first year. However, continued funding will be conditional upon the States/UTs signing the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the DoLR and following its stipulations. 18

19. LADDER APPROACH The Primary & Secondary Ladders proposed under NLRMP
Primary ladder – for conclusive titles
Secondary ladder – for archival purposes and strengthening of revenue administration 19

20. Primary Ladder : Approach 1
Registration - computerization of SROs
Integration of registration and land records maintenance systems
Automatic mutation following registration
Mutation – updating of pending cases and their computerization
Integration of textual and spatial data
Survey, including ground control networks and ground truthing
Training and strengthening of training institutions
Strengthening of technical organizations
Record rooms at Registration/ tehsil levels
Link up with development process
Legal changes
Conclusive titles 20

21. Primary Ladder : Approach 2
Survey, including ground control networks and ground truthing
Mutation – updating of pending cases and their computerization
Integration of textual and spatial data
Registration - computerization of SROs
Integration of registration and land records maintenance systems
Automatic mutation following registration
Training and strengthening of training institutions
Strengthening of technical organizations
Record rooms at Registration/ tehsil levels
Link up with development process
Legal changes
Conclusive titles 21

22. Secondary Ladder Computerization of existing records
Scanning of existing survey maps
Computerizing Registration workflow
Computerization of legacy mutation data
Record rooms 22

23. SCOPE OF PROGRAMME Computerization of land records
Survey/resurvey and updating of the survey & settlement records
Computerization of Registration
Modern record rooms/land records management centres at tehsil/taluk/circle/block level
Training & capacity building
Core GIS
Legal changes
Programme management 23

24. 1. Computerization of land records
Data entry/re-entry/data conversion of all textual records including mutation records and other land attributes data
Digitization of cadastral maps
Integration of textual and spatial data
Tehsil, sub-division/district Computer centers
State-level data centres
Inter-connectivity among revenue offices 24

25. 2. Survey/resurvey & updating of the survey & settlement records
Available Options:
Pure ground method using electronic total station (ETS) and global positioning system (GPS)
Hybrid methodology using aerial photography and ground truthing by ETS and GPS
High Resolution Satellite Imagery (HRSI) and ground truthing by ETS and GPS.

26. 3. Computerization of Registration
Computerization of the sub-registrar’s offices (SROs)
Data entry of valuation details
Data entry of legacy encumbrance data
Scanning & preservation of old documents
Connectivity to SROs with revenue offices

27. 4. Modern record rooms/land records management centres
Modern record rooms/land records management centres at level of
Tehsil
Taluk
Circle
Block

28. 5. Training & capacity building
Training, workshops, etc.
Strengthening of the Survey and Revenue training institutes

29. 6. Core GIS
Village index base maps from satellite imagery, for creating the core GIS
Integration of three layers of data
Spatial data from aerial photography or high-resolution satellite imagery
Survey of India and Forest Survey of India maps
Cadastral maps from revenue records.

30. 7. Legal Changes Amendments to the Registration Act, 1908
Amendments to the State Stamp Acts
Transfer of property Act 1882
Other legal changes
Model law for conclusive titling

31. 8. Programme Management Programme Sanctioning & Monitoring Committee
Core Technical Advisory Group in the DoLR and the States/UTs
Programme Management Unit (PMU) in the DoLR and the States/UTs
Information, education and communication (IEC) activities
Evaluation

33. Cadastral Maps
By Revenue Dept with respect to WSG84 datum
Maps with different scale and projection from other departments/agencies

38. Status of Computerization of Land Records & Process-Sikkim
Complete in all Districts & Sub-divisions except in Chungthang Sub-division consisting of 1 circle of 6 blocks and Gangtok Station Circle consisting of 8 Blocks
Chungthang pending due to discrepancy in records & disputes in private and forest land. Gangtok is pending because 1978 Survey records are not attested.

39. SLRC features
Complete replacement of manual records through notification. Manual records of rights ( Parcha) are not accepted anywhere in the state
Not just computerization of records but computerization of process as work flows from one desk to another through computerized LAN environment

40. SLRC features - contd.
Database is maintained at the mutation centre ( Sub-division headquarter)
Integrity of land records
Land records are fully secured as these protected by passwords & biometric devices
Land records can not be changed unless authorized by three levels ( processed by Revenue Supervisor, checked by head surveyor and approved by Revenue Officer)
System log is maintained

41. SLRC features - contd.
Consistency of records as system generated holding no. and plot no.
Tracking of application is easy as each applicant is given system generated unique serial no.
System generated public notices are issued resulting in considerable saving in time

42. SLRC features - contd.
System generated note sheet for three level in all routine cases resulting in saving in time. System also supports writing notes/memo which are stored.
Once mutation is approved land records are updated and mutation order is generated for field functionary and head office

43. SLRC features - contd.
Old parchas are surrendered in the office and all parties are given new computerized parchas.
Provision for putting encumbrances for the particular plot no. debarring mutation or any other activity.
Income certificate is much easier to give as system calculates income from land.
History information of particular plot is easy to trace as desired by banks etc.

44. SLRC features - contd.
Query on the basis of caste, community and size of land holding is much easier.
Annual demand roll for land rent is much easier to prepare.
System calculate mutation fees depending on the size of land, hence no possibility of revenue evasion
Details of pending cases are available at the click of button for each level.
In case of leave/transfer system generated handing/ taking over.

45. SLRC features - contd.
Standardization of caste, surname, type of land, class of land through codified system.
Checklist in the system for documents required for particular service.
Supervisory officer can register new users, deregister old users, allocate work among them and all these changes are recorded in the system.
Local Language Driven
Easy Menu Driven and User Friendly
On site and Off site backup

46. Sikkim Status On line Mutation in 8 Subdivisions
No data flow from subdivision to district and to Hq.
Need to upgrade software in web-based environment and integrate registration
Requirement of full proof data recovery system.
Replacement of old hardware required
Re-survey required.
Technical Organization and Strengthening

47. Proposed Data Centre-Network in Sikkim
Pakyong Data Centre
Rongli Data Centre
Data Centre, LRDM HQ.
North District Data Centre
Chungthang Data Centre
South Dist Data Centre
East Dist Data Centre
Rabangla Data Centre
Mangan Sub-div Server
West Dist Data Centre
Sorang Data Centre
Gyalshing Server
Namchi Server
Sikkim State Data Centre
NIC Sikkim Data Centre
Mirror
National Data Centre Hyderabad
National Data Centre Pune
Gtk Server

48. Sikkim Status Steering Committee
Technical Advisory Group/Working Level Committee
Program Management Unit
Data Centre
Data and Service Access to Citizens
Modern Record Rooms
Digitization of existing Cadastral Maps and integration with software
Scanning and Archiving of 1952 records.

50. Thank You