1. The Myth of Inkhorns…. “The art of borrowing or adapting words from one language to another” In Opposing Borrowing Page : 215 – 217 Subtopic : 162 Noor Shazrina Jahabar (175928) 215-219

2. What is Inkhorn Terms? An Inkhorn Term is any foreign borrowing (or a word created from existing word roots by an English speaker) Inkhorn is also called as (Ynkehorne) in the16th Century A loanword is a word borrowed from a donor language and incorporated into a recipient language directly, without translation.

3. Status of inkhorn in writings The borrowing of “inkhorn words” done especially wholesale did not meet with universal flavour = (rich) Most of these words sounded strange to the people who objected the use. The borrowing of “inkhorn words” done especially wholesale did not meet with universal flavour = (rich) Most of these words sounded strange to the people who objected the use.

4. Edward Philip’s View… Edward Phillips in his books “New World of Words” classified Inkhorn as Hobgoblin (Mythical or Fairytales) Hence, some people felt amazed because of these mythical and fairytales words. However some readers viewed the inkhorn as a general practice in language and they accept the usage

5. Elyot’s View… Elyots, ofter the publication of the book “The Governour”, stated that some people felt offended with these inkhorn terms because these words are not original of the native tongue. He classified these people as the “diver men” which could, perhaps, mean – “those who keep away from using these terms” Elyots, ofter the publication of the book “The Governour”, stated that some people felt offended with these inkhorn terms because these words are not original of the native tongue. He classified these people as the “diver men” which could, perhaps, mean – “those who keep away from using these terms”

6. John Cheke View… Sir John Cheke supported the use of inkhorn because he, himself used inkhorn in his classical writings. Therefore, he did not see any strangeness in borrowing and adapting words from other languages Sir John Cheke supported the use of inkhorn because he, himself used inkhorn in his classical writings. Therefore, he did not see any strangeness in borrowing and adapting words from other languages

7. Thomas Wilson View… Thomas Wilson (1553) in his “Arte of Rhetorique” severely attacked inkhorn words. According to his writing : the users of inkhorn tend to be outlanders and neglected the use of mother tongue Thomas Willson cited examples : The French used French English and The Italian used Italian English These are inkhorn to the mother tongue of the French and the Italians Thomas Wilson (1553) in his “Arte of Rhetorique” severely attacked inkhorn words. According to his writing : the users of inkhorn tend to be outlanders and neglected the use of mother tongue Thomas Willson cited examples : The French used French English and The Italian used Italian English These are inkhorn to the mother tongue of the French and the Italians

8. Some examples of words which never made it into the modern language : anacephalize: to recapitulate adnichilate: reduce to nothing, annihilate exolete: disused, obsolete; effete, insipid; faded fatigate: to fatigue illecebrous: alluring, enticing, attractive. ingent: immense, very great. obtestate: to bear witness, call upon as witness anacephalize: to recapitulate adnichilate: reduce to nothing, annihilate exolete: disused, obsolete; effete, insipid; faded fatigate: to fatigue illecebrous: alluring, enticing, attractive. ingent: immense, very great. obtestate: to bear witness, call upon as witness

9. In the Defense of Borrowing Page : 218 – 219 Subtopic : 163

10. Enrichment of words….. Dryden is with the view that importation of words from another language is a form of enrichment for the native tongue Even Latin and Greek languages have borrowed words to enriched themselves Hence, some people are with the attitude that borrowing is a natural process in the development of languages Dryden is with the view that importation of words from another language is a form of enrichment for the native tongue Even Latin and Greek languages have borrowed words to enriched themselves Hence, some people are with the attitude that borrowing is a natural process in the development of languages

11. View by Mulcaster Mulcaster noted that : an imported word maybe strange in earlier usage but as time of usage moves on and on they become familiar. Familiarisation of new words slowly becomes the adopted child-like words to the language community that had adopted the words Mulcaster noted that : an imported word maybe strange in earlier usage but as time of usage moves on and on they become familiar. Familiarisation of new words slowly becomes the adopted child-like words to the language community that had adopted the words

12. George Pettie… Pettie also defended Inkhorn Terms. He stated that : he sees no reasons not to use inkhorn terms as long as these word are used in minimal manner and they play the role of enriching the native tongue. Pettie also defended Inkhorn Terms. He stated that : he sees no reasons not to use inkhorn terms as long as these word are used in minimal manner and they play the role of enriching the native tongue.

13. View by Bullokar Bullokar 1616 said : one should not be afraid to use inkhorn words because strange words bring out the best in a writer. To understand Bullokars view better – when the writer uses strange words, the readers feel a surge of interest to read and understand the term more and more Bullokar 1616 said : one should not be afraid to use inkhorn words because strange words bring out the best in a writer. To understand Bullokars view better – when the writer uses strange words, the readers feel a surge of interest to read and understand the term more and more

14. Conclusion…. It is interesting to know that immaterial of writers supporting or apposing the use of inkhorn terms, many of these terms are still in use until today. This is applicable not only to English words but also very noticeably in the Malay words, Indian dialects and Filipino languages, which use words borrowed from English and Spanish. It is interesting to know that immaterial of writers supporting or apposing the use of inkhorn terms, many of these terms are still in use until today. This is applicable not only to English words but also very noticeably in the Malay words, Indian dialects and Filipino languages, which use words borrowed from English and Spanish.

15. Thank you….