1. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Chapter 1: Developing Your Efficiency and Flexibility Efficient and Flexible Reading, 8/e Kathleen T. McWhorter

2. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers In this chapter you will learn: 1. To analyze your reading efficiency and flexibility. 2. To assess your learning style. 3. To understand factors that affect rate and comprehension. 4. The basic principles that govern efficiency and flexibility.

3. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Questionnaires in Chapter 1  Take the Efficiency Questionnaire to help you analyze whether you are an efficient reader.  Take the Learning Style Questionnaire to analyze your best learning strategies.

4. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Learning Styles and Reading/Learning Strategies Auditory:  Discuss/study with friends.  Talk aloud when studying.  Tape record self-testing questions and answers.

5. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Visual:  Draw diagrams, charts, and/or tables.  Try to visualize events.  Use films and videos when available.  Use CD-ROM’s or software when available. Learning Styles and Reading/Learning Strategies

6. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Applied:  Think of practical situations to which learning applies.  Associate ideas with their application.  Use case studies, examples, and applications to cue your learning. Learning Styles and Reading/Learning Strategies

7. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Conceptual:  Organize materials that lack order.  Use outlining.  Focus on organizational patterns. Learning Styles and Reading/Learning Strategies

8. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Spatial:  Use mapping.  Use outlining.  Draw diagrams.  Make charts and sketches.  Use visualization. Learning Styles and Reading/Learning Strategies

9. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Verbal:  Translate diagrams and drawings into language.  Record steps, processes, and procedures in words.  Write summaries.  Write your interpretation next to textbook drawings, maps, and graphics. Learning Styles and Reading/Learning Strategies

10. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Social:  Form study groups.  Find a study partner.  Interact with the instructor.  Work with a tutor. Learning Styles and Reading/Learning Strategies

11. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Independent:  Use computer assisted instruction when available.  Purchase review workbooks or study guides when available.  Use the technology that accompanies your textbook. Learning Styles and Reading/Learning Strategies

12. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Creative:  Ask and answer questions.  Record your own ideas in the margins of textbooks. Learning Styles and Reading/Learning Strategies

13. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Pragmatic:  Study in an organized environment.  Write lists of steps, procedures, and processes.  Paraphrase difficult materials. Learning Styles and Reading/Learning Strategies

14. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Developing a Learning Action Plan 1. Circle the five aspects of your learning style in which you received higher scores. 2. Read through the suggestions that apply to you. 3. Place a check mark in front of the suggestions that you think will work for you. 4. List the suggestions that you chose in the “Action Plan for Learning” box. 5. Experiment with these techniques, one at a time.

15. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Preread and Consider:  The Format.  Graphic and Visual Material.  Typographical Aids.  Language Features.  Subject Matter.  Length.  Organization. Developing Reading Flexibility: Assessing Difficulty

16. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Consider:  Type of Material  Purpose in Reading  Desired Level of Comprehension  Approximate Range of Reading Rate Developing Reading Flexibility: Defining Your Purpose See Table 1.2 in your text.

17. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Consider:  Your Background Knowledge  Your Physical and Mental State  Your Interest Level  Your Reading Skills Developing Reading Flexibility: Assessing Your Skills and Abilities

18. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers  Clearly define your purpose for reading the material.  Analyze what, if anything, you will be required to do after you have read the material.  Evaluate the relative difficulty of the material. Developing Reading Flexibility: Varying Your Rate and Comprehension

19. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers 1. You do not always have to read everything. 2. Not everything on a page is of equal importance. 3. Shortcuts can save valuable time and make reading or studying easier. 4. You can increase your reading rate without losing comprehension. 5. Not everything that appears in print is true. Principles of Efficiency and Flexibility

20. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers 1. After you have chosen a passage in a book or article, count the total number of words in any three lines. 2. Count the number of lines on one page of the article or book. 3. As you read, time yourself. 4. Divide the total reading time into the total number of words. Evaluating Your Rate and Flexibility See the example in the textbook.

21. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers When you read do you: 1. Question the author’s motive? 2. Think about what the author means as well as what he or she says? 3. Ask Why? or How? as you read? 4. Pay attention to the author’s choice of words and their impact on you? 5. Evaluate the evidence or reasons an author provides to support an idea? Check List Critical Reading Tip #1: Developing Critical-Thinking Skills

22. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers 1. What is meant by reading efficiency and reading flexibility? 2. What is learning style? 3. What are the features of a piece of writing that can affect its level of reading difficulty? 4. What characteristics or circumstances can affect your reading rate? 5. Why should you vary your reading rate and level of comprehension? 6. What are the five major principles behind the techniques presented in this book? Check List SUMMARY

23. 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman Publishers Go Electronic http://www.ablongman.com/mcwhorter Take a Road Trip to the Indianapolis Speedway on the CD-ROM!