1. Part 4: Human Impacts
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2. Human’s Impacts on Environment
1. Cause of human’s impacts
2. Global changes
3. Biodiversity loss
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3. Human consumption caused environmental problems
Water consumption
Land use demand
Energy consumption
Food production
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4. World Water Supply Water available for human use
Freshwater = 3% of total water on earth
Only 0.003% readily available freshwater
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8. Water withdrawal by use
Domestic purpose = 8%
Industrial purpose = 23%
Agricultural purpose = 69%
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13. Using dams to supply more water:
To capture an store water from rain and melting snow
To produce hydroelectric power
To provide water for irrigation
To improve flood control system
To provide recreational activities
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14. Disadvantages of dams:
Loss of water through evaporation
Cause of earthquake
Ecological biodiversity loss
Disruption of fish migration
Reduction of nutrient-rich silt to river mouth
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16. Land use demand Land on earth 51% not usable land 21% usable land
28% potential usable for cropland and grazing land
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18. Agriculture practices caused the increase of land use demand.
Urbanisation increased the rate of land use change.
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20. Energy consumption Non-renewable energy
Fossil fuels, natural gas, coal
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35. Renewable energy Solar energy Active solar heating system
to absorb solar energy and be used directly and the rest can be stored in insulated tanks
Passive solar heating system
to capture sunlight directly within a structure and converts it into low-temp heat for space heating
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36. Solar cell electricity generating
Photovoltaic panels on roof
Sunlight creates an direct current (DC) electric current and can be stored in battery
DC electricity needs to convert to alternating current (AC).
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38. Geothermal energy from earth’s mantle can be used
for space heating
to produce electricity or high-temp heat for industrial processes.
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40. Wind energy
The use of wind to produce electricity in the potential area
The wind farms emit no heat trapping CO2 or other air pollutants and no need water cooling.
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42. Biomass energy is an advisable energy option.
14% of the world’s energy
35% of the energy used in developing countries for domestic consumption (heating and cooking)
Solid biomass
Liquid or gaseous biofuels
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44. Food production Fish production Grain production
70% of fish catch from ocean
1/3 of the world fish harvest is not consumed directly by humans and is used as animal feed, fish meal and oils.
Grain production
Rice, wheat and corn are major grain for 2/3 world population.
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47. Livestock production Meat production increased 29% from 1950-1996.
Meat-based diet of people in developed and developing countries has effects on resource use, environmental degradation, pollution and disease.
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48. Cause of human’s impacts
Deforestation
Over harvesting
Over consumption
Low efficient food production
Unsustainable technology
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49. Conclusions What should human do for the future?
Reduce human population
Change of consumer behaviour
Reduce environmental problems
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