1. Design Principles Applying principles to create appealing and professional printed and electronic publications Principles of Information Technology 1Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

2. OBJECTIVES List the four design principles Define the four design principles Identify characteristics of the four design principles Identify publishing techniques that demonstrate the four design principles Classify webpage designs according to the use of the four design principles 2Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

3. BASIC DESIGN PRINCIPLES Contrast Repetition Alignment Proximity 3Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

4. CONTRAST Definition: A method of design that emphasizes the differences between objects that are dissimilar; it purposely brings out their differences to set things in opposition. 4Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

5. REPETITION Definition: A method of design that purposely duplicates elements or aspects of elements within the same document. 5Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

6. ALIGNMENT Definition: A method of design that uses spatial properties to determine the optimal placement of objects or groups of objects. 6Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

7. PROXIMITY Definition: A method of design that uses spatial properties to purposely place related items together. 7Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

8. ASPECTS OF CONTRAST Items must have opposing elements Needs to be strong to be effective Can be demonstrated using Color Size Objects Alignment 8Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

9. ASPECTS OF CONTRAST Setting font color in opposition to background color 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 9Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

10. ASPECTS OF CONTRAST 1 1 2 2 Font style of title is same use bold to create contrast 4 4 3 3 Font style of title is same use kerning to create contrast Font style of title is same use size increase to create contrast Font style of title is same use combination of the above to create contrast 10Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

11. ASPECTS OF REPETITION Items must have obvious similarities Needs to be strong to be effective Can be demonstrated using Color Objects Alignment 11Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

12. ASPECTS OF REPETITION 1 1 2 2 4 4 3 3 Repeating Font style choice for all text on document creates unity Repeating Colors in text and objects creates unity Random font style choices creates conflict Random Color choices for objects creates conflict 12Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

13. ASPECTS OF REPETITION 1 1 2 2 4 4 3 3 Repeating images using a duplicate of an image, even resized, creates unity Repeating images using different images, even with a common theme, is distracting Repeating images using a duplicate of an image, re- colored, is acceptable Repeating images using different images, even of the same object, can be distracting 13Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

14. ASPECTS OF ALIGNMENT Items must have obvious spatial placement Needs to be visually noted instantly to be effective All items should significantly support the purpose of the publication Element placement should never be random Can be demonstrated using Object rotation Text direction Line spacing Object size 14Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

15. ASPECTS OF ALIGNMENT 1 1 2 2 4 4 3 3 Arranging Text all text is left aligned bullets are indented but still aligned left Arranging Text title is left aligned bullets are right aligned Arranging Text title is centered bullets are centered as well Text text can be arranged other than horizontally n Arran g g i 15Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

16. ASPECTS OF PROXIMITY Provides organization for the viewer All elements are supportive of main purpose Elements are then divided into subgroups depending on the subtopic points Items related to each subtopic should be spatially grouped together in an arrangement Can be demonstrated using Color Size Objects Alignment 16Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

17. ASPECTS OF PROXIMITY 1 1 2 2 4 4 3 3 Plumbing Emergency (210) 971-1352 James Madison fast response time James Madison Fast response time Plumbing Emergencies (210) 971-1352 Plumbing Emergency James Madison Fast response time Plumbing Emergency (210) 917-1352 James Madison fast response time 17Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

18. REVIEW The four design principles Contrast—emphasizes the differences between objects that are dissimilar Repetition—purposely duplicates elements Alignment—determines the optimal placement of objects Proximity—places related items together 18Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.

19. ACTIVITY #1 Using the Internet – navigate to various websites that demonstrate use of the four design principles. Place a copy of the screen snapshot into a word processing document. Resize the snapshot if needed. Above the snapshot, place a label to identify the design principle represented. Beneath the snapshot, create a textbox. The textbox should contain text that displays the definition of the design principle listed AND A justification or reasons why the snapshot represents that principle. 19Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2013. All rights reserved.