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Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 1 Fishes.

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Presentation on theme: "Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 1 Fishes."— Presentation transcript:

1 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 1 Fishes

2 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 2 Fishes

3 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 3 Fishes

4 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 4 Fishes

5 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 5 Fishes

6 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 6 Fishes

7 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 7 Fishes

8 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 8 Fishes

9 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Why are there so many body types? 16:15 9 Fishes

10 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Fish and quadruped evolution 16:15 10 Fishes

11 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 11 Fishes Fish: Taxonomy & Form and function of internal anatomy

12 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. How do they compare? 16:15 12 Fishes

13 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Phylum Chordata evolution 16:15 13 Fishes

14 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 14 Fishes Taxonomy : 3 of the 7 classes of chordates are fish l Agnatha (lamprey and hagfish) –no jaw l Gnathostomes –Cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes) sharks and rays –Bony fishes (Osteichthyes) trout, perch l Agnatha (lamprey and hagfish) –no jaw l Gnathostomes –Cartilaginous fish (Chondrichthyes) sharks and rays –Bony fishes (Osteichthyes) trout, perch

15 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 15 Fishes Cephalochordata Larval agnathan

16 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 16 Fishes Ammocoete larva MouthMouth Gill pouches Nerve cord NotochordNotochord HeartHeart Digestive system AnusAnus

17 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 17 Fishes AgnathaAgnatha

18 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 18 Fishes HagfishHagfish External gill opening MouthMouth Pores of slime sacs Caudal fin Median nostril

19 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 19 Fishes HagfishHagfish NostrilNostril Olfactory sac Brain and nerve cord NotochordNotochord Tongue with teeth teeth Opening to Gill sac Opening to Gill sac

20 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 20 Fishes Hagfish feeding

21 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 21 Fishes LampreysLampreys Gill opening

22 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 22 Fishes LampreysLampreys Tongue with teeth Tongue PharynxPharynx Buccal funnel with teeth Buccal funnel with teeth

23 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 23 Fishes How did your jaws evolve?

24 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. How did your ears evolve? 16:15 24 Fishes

25 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 25 Fishes Gnathostomes (Chondrichthyes) Cartilaginous fish

26 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 26 Fishes Gnathostomes (Chondrichthyes) Cartilaginous fish

27 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 27 Fishes Gnathostomes (Chondrichthyes) Cartilaginous fish Pelvic girdle and fin Pectoral girdle and fin Caudal fin Dorsal fins

28 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 28 Fishes Pharyngeal gills MouthMouth PharynxPharynx Gill arch Gill filaments Cartilaginous support

29 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 29 Fishes Gill surface

30 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 30 Fishes Placoid Scales DentinDentin PulpPulp Pulp cavity EpidermisEpidermis

31 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 31 Fishes FeedingFeeding ToothTooth New tooth forming

32 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 32 Fishes Digestive system StomachStomach Spiral valve LiverLiver LiverLiver

33 16:15 33 Lateral line: form Sensory hairs NeuromastNeuromast Sensory cell Lateral line Lateral nerve

34 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Lateral line: function 16:15 34 Fishes

35 Ampullae of Lorenzini: detect electricity 16:15 35 Tiger shark snout

36 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 36 Fishes Ampullae of Lorenzini AmpullaAmpulla PorePore Jelly filled cavity cavity AmpullaAmpulla NerveNerve

37 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 37 Fishes Osteichthyes (Bony fish)

38 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 38 Fishes Osteichthyes skeleton Pelvic fin Pectoral fin Caudal fin Dorsal fins Anal fin

39 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 39 Fishes Transition to land

40 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 40 Fishes Transition to land (lobe fins)

41 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 41 Fishes Fish tails Heterocercal Homocercal Diphycercal

42 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 1.

43 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 1.

44 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 1.

45 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1.

46 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1.

47 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 3. 1.

48 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1. 3.

49 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1. 3.

50 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1. 3. 4.

51 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1. 3. 4.

52 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1. 3. 4.

53 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1. 3. 4. 5.

54 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1. 3. 4. 5.5.

55 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1. 3. 4. 5.5. 6.

56 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1. 3. 4. 5.5. 6.

57 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2. 1. 3. 4. 5.5. 6.

58 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

59 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 59 Fishes SpecializationSpecialization Acceleration Cruising Maneuvering

60 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 60 Fishes Fish scales Ganoid Ctenoid Cycloid

61 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 61 Fishes Trunk musculature

62 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 62 Fishes Opercular gills Gill arch Gill filaments OperculumOperculum MouthMouth

63 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 63 Fishes Opercular gill

64 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 64 Fishes Opercular gill

65 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 65 Fishes Gill arch ArteryArtery Gill filaments VeinVein

66 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 66 Fishes Counter current exchange Water flow Blood flow

67 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 67 Fishes Blood Water 100% 20% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 90% 85% 80% 75% 70% 75% 60% 90% 85% 80% 75% 70% 75% 60% Concurrent exchange l Fluids flow in the same direction l equilibrium between the two fluids occurs l Fluids flow in the same direction l equilibrium between the two fluids occurs

68 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 68 Fishes Blood Water 100% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% Counter Current Exchange l Fluids flow in the opposite directions l Equilibrium between the two fluids never occurs l Fluids flow in the opposite directions l Equilibrium between the two fluids never occurs

69 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 69 Fishes Circulatory system Ventricle Auricle Gills

70 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 70 Fishes Swim bladder

71 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16:15 71 Fishes Lateral line system: same as sharks Sensory hairs Nerve fibers NeuromastNeuromast Lateral line canal NeuromastNeuromast

72 Fishes Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Fastest Fish competition 16:15 72 Fishes

73 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Fastest Fish competition: scoring guideline FASTEST FISH CHALLENGE ANALYSIS >>----> Fish designer: CATEGORYDISTINGUISHEDPROFICIENTNOT QUITE Fin orientation: Coloration for environment (camouflage, warning, disorienting): Countershading: Hydrodynamic rating OVERALL FISH QUALITY 16:15 73 Fishes

74 Digital Zoology © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Hydrodynamic Rating Fish MakerLength (cm)Force (N)L/F (cm/N) Best ever11.50.05230 Jordan10.50.335 Caitlin130.2552 Rachel8.50.242.5 Olivia80.2532 Lucy60.2524 Ana40.1526.66666667 Hunter70.2528 16:15 74 Fishes

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