1. 10.1 > TMSA Implementation Step 1 & 2 - ISM Code
- Risk Management Training
>
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2. How to Implement TMSA
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3. 10 Steps for implementing TMSA
10- Search for improvements
From Safety
Management
9- Monitor performances
8- Select KPI’s
7- Review current practices
6- Investigate associated risks
5- Identify potential incidents
4- Map shipboard/shore-based processes
3- Leadership & personnel
To Safety &
Environmental
Excellence
2- Risk management training
1- ISM Code certification
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4. 1
ISM Code
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5. TMSA does not replace ISM Code. TSMA reinforce the requirements
Remember
TMSA does not replace ISM Code.
TSMA reinforce the requirements
of the ISM Code.
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6. An international standard for and operation of ships and for
ISM Code
Purpose :
An international standard for
the safe management
and operation of ships and for
pollution prevention
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7. ISM Code - Scope 1. General (definitions, objectives, applications and
functional requirements)
2. Safety & environmental protection policy
3. Company responsibilities and authority
4. Designated person (s)
5. Master’s responsibility and authority
6. Resources and personnel
7. Development of plans for shipboard operations
8. Emergency preparedness
9. Reports and analysis of non-conformities, accidents
and hazardous occurrences
10. Maintenance of the ship and equipment
11. Documentation
12. Company verification, review and evaluation
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8. ISM Code : A Ship Safety Management System
Safety & Environmental
protection policy
Responsibility &
authority
on-shore &
onboard
System of
documentation
System review
Corrective &
preventive
actions
MAN
Qualification
Communication
Information
Training
Motivation
METHODS
Shipboard operations
Contingency plan
Emergency drills
Internal audits
Analysis of
non-conformities
Reports & Records
MATERIAL & EQUIPMENT
Preventive maintenance
Critical equipment & systems
Inspection plan

9. TMSA a guideline from…to…
Safety &
Environmental
Excellence
Continuous improvement
Stage 4
Stage 3
Requirements and evidences
Stage 2
Stage 1
Safety
Management
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10. TMSA Scope 1. Management, leadership and accountability
2. Recruitment and management of shore-based personnel
3. Recruitment and management of ship’s personnel
4. Reliability and maintenance standards
5. Navigational safety
6. Cargo, ballast and mooring operations
7. Management of change
8. Incident investigation and analysis
9. Safety management
10. Environmental management
11. Emergency preparedness and contingency planning
12. Measurement, analysis and improvement
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11. 2 TMSA Implementation Risk Management Training
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12. 2a TMSA Implementation Risk Principles Risk, Hazard, Exposure
and Vulnerability
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13. Risk A banana skin always will be a …
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14. Risk The potential for losses associated with
a hazard, defined in terms of :
- expected severity and / or frequency,
- locations,
- processes,
- operations or
- areas affected.
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15. RISK = Hazard x Exposure
The basic definition of risk is the probability that an effect will occur to someone.
Risk is therefore also quantitative, and can be expressed as a probabilistic number.
Example :
- The concentration of a toxic chemical in the environment is so low that the probability of a negative impact is negligible.
Risk characterization is the combination of hazard and exposure assessements to try to predict what will happen in this specific situation. A example is what will happen to a people that are exposed to a hazardous substance. Such characterization is an estimate and not a fact.
RISK = Hazard x Exposure
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16. RISK = Hazard x Vulnerability1
EXPOSURE
VULNERABILITY
RISK
A risk may be define as a relationship between a hazard, an exposure and its vulnerability relationship. The total risk may be decreased by reducing the size of any one or more of the three contributing variables :
The hazard, the elements exposed and / or their vulnerability.
The reduction of any one of the three factors to zero would consequently reduce or eliminate the risk.
HAZARD
RISK = Hazard x Vulnerability
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17. Risk 1 Is the probability that an adverse effect will occur to :
- A person
- A system
- An organization
measured on a probability scale from 0 to 1 1
Example :
0 : I will never die
( the probability is 0 or 0%)
1 : I will die one day or the other
( the probability 1 or 100%)
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18. Hazard An event or physical condition that
has the potential to cause :
- fatalities, injuries,
- property or infrastructure damage,
- damage to the environment,
- interruption of business, or
- other types of harm or loss.
“If anything can go
wrong
, it will”
Murphy’s law
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19. Hazard
Hazard is the inherent properties of a substance, object or activity with
a potential adverse, or harmful, effects to occur.
Example :
Some chemical substances are classified as hazardous substances to alert users to manipulate them with care.
INFLAMMABLE
LIQUID
CORROSIVE
SOLID
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20. Exposure
Exposure is a quantitative measurement of the extent to which a given hazard is present.
In order for a person to be exposed,
the hazard must be present in a particular situation.
In this situation, the person potentially could be harmed.
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21. Exposure Other examples :
Seaman or Dockers handling hazardous substances without personal safety protection equipment.
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22. Vulnerabilities are weaknesses with respect to a hazard.
Examples : No maintenance or control on safety equipment or measure to control the presence
of inflammable material.
Free access to restricted areas.
No control at the ship entrance.
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23. Hazard Identification, Risk Control - Countermeasures
TMSA Implementation 2b
Risk
Management
Risk Assessment,
Hazard Identification,
Risk Control - Countermeasures
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24. Incident : A sum of Coincidental Causes
Elements of the system
Effects
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25. Risk Assessment Definition
A structured and systematic
methodology, aimed at enhancing
Maritime safety & security,
including :
- protection of life,
- health,
- marine environment and property,
by using risk and cost / benefit
analysis.
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26. Vs Incident Report Incident Scenario INCIDENT INVESTIGATION RISK
ASSESSMENT
What happened ?
Where did it happen ?
When did it happen ?
How did it happen ?
Why did it happen ?
Who where involved ?
What can go wrong ?
Where may it happens ?
When may it happens?
How may it happens ?
Why may it happens ?
Who can be involved ?
Reactive
Proactive
Incident Report
Incident Scenario
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27. Fire Explosion Scenario
Major damage
0,67
Escalation
0,33
0,96
0,04
0,71
0,29
Major damage 0,7
Total loss ,3
No fatal impact 0,93
Fatal impact ,07
Major damage ,7
No fatal impact 0,92
Fatal impact ,08
Major damage ,8
Total loss ,2
No fatal impact 0,57
Fatal impact ,43
Fire / explosion
serious casualty
Accom
modation
0,20
Machinery
spaces
0,72
Vehicle
deck
0,08
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28. Risk Assessment Establish organisational objectives Assess risk
Determine
controls
required
A- Identify
Countermeasures
C- Prioritise
B- Measure
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29. Hazards Identification
Ex : Movements in port
INCOMING
STAY PERIOD
OUTGOING
SHIP
TRAIN
TRUCK
BARGE
PEOPLE
- Worker
- Visitor
- Passenger
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30. Poor management practices Poor vessel maintenance
Human
Poor decision making
Poor judgement
Lack of knowledge
Poor communication
Organisation
Poor management practices
Lack of ship specific
knowledge
Poor vessel maintenance
Vessel
Size, Age, Crew
Manoeuvrability
Pilotage requirements
Escorting requirements
Waterway
Location
Wind speed and direction
Tides, Currents, Visibility
Traffic separation
Example of
parameters
used in
risk assessment
Vessel reliability
Propulsion
Steering
Electrical power
Structural integrity
Port control
Traffic rules
Navigational equipment
Availability of pilots, tugs
Traffic monitoring equipment

31. Hazards Identification
- Structured review or brainstorming sessions
- Accident scenarios
- Direct causes
- Most probable outcomes in terms of loss
- Organisational / procedural failure
- Communication failure
- Equipment failure
- Environmental conditions
- Human error
- Navigation aids
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32. Data Collection 1- Stakeholders
Understanding the processes and personnel involved.
- Harbour authorities
- Port controllers
- Pilots
- Coastguards
- Ship’s crew
- Towage
- Berthing crews
- Emergency services
- Regulators ( MSA / HSE )
- Class societies
- Environmental groups
- Other port users
- Owners
- Agents
- Oil companies
- Suppliers
- Other commercial
interests
- Residents
- Yacht clubs
- Local authorities
- Other amenity
- Fishing
- Media
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33. Data Collection 2 - Navigational Zones
Understanding the processes and personnel involved.
- Approaches
- Port entrance
- Navigable channels
- Tanker berths
- Tanker swinging areas
- Others berths / terminals
- Anchorage
- Leisure areas
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34. Data Collection 3 - Vessel Types
Understanding the processes and personnel involved.
- VLCC / crude tankers
- Gas carriers
- Product tankers
- Tugs
- Pilot vessels
- Rope boats
- Bunker barges
- Ferries
- General cargo
- Naval vessels
- Supply vessels
- Fishing vessels
- Pleasure craft
- Floating cranes
- Dredgers
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35. Data Collection 4 - Vessel Movement
Understanding the processes and personnel involved.
- Incoming
- Outgoing
- Movement between berths
- Swinging
- Incoming coincident with
outgoing
- Unidentified vessels
- Draught restrictions
- Speed restrictions
- Radar
- Navaids
- Pilot exemptions
- Uncontrolled vessels
- Anchoring /
weighing anchors
- Pilot boarding /
disembarking
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36. Data Collection 5 - Environmental Conditions
Understanding the processes and personnel involved.
- Wind
- Sea state
- Tide / currents
- Radar clutter
- Visibility ( precipitation )
- Light / darkness
- Temperature
- Radio inference
- Draught restrictions
- Air draught restrictions
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37. Data Collection 6 – Ship Functions
Understanding the processes and personnel involved.
- Propulsion
- Steering
- Control / manoeuvring
- Electrical
- Communications
- Navigation
- Anchoring
- Mooring
- Piping and pumping
- Safety systems
- Cargo handling, loading, storage
- Life support
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38. Data Collection 7 – Port Based Functions
Understanding the processes and personnel involved.
- Navigation markers / lights
- Dredging
- Pilotage
- Port control
- Cargo handling, loading, storage
- Berth structures
- Communications
- Emergency services
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39. Data Collection 8 - Human Tasks
Understanding the processes and personnel involved.
- Vessel scheduling
- Pre-entry planning and decision making
- Pilot rendezvous with vessel
- Tug rendezvous and attachment
- Navigation to berth
- Berthing and making fast
- Loading / unloading operations
- Port facilities maintenance
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40. Risk Assessment Hazards Identification Risk assessment Decision making
Recommendation
Risk control
options
Cost benefit
assessment
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41. Incorporate risk reduction measures
Risk Assessment
Probability
COMPANY
IMAGE
Minor
Slight
impact
National
International
Continued
Int. impact
PEOPLE
ASSESTS
ENVIRONMENT
Extremely
Remote
Remote
Probable
Frequent
Very Frequent
Minor
Manage for continuous
improvement
Moderate
Consequences
Major
Incorporate risk reduction measures
Severe
Intolerable
Catastrophic
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42. Risk Assessment & Risk Management5
Hazard identification
What can go wrong ?
Frequency estimation
How often ?
Consequence analysis
How bad it will be ?
So what ?
Risk assessment
What can we do ?
Risk management
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43. Risk Control in port it depends on the local conditions.
- Berthing procedures / controls
- Port safety management
- Navigation aids
- Port control ( Vessel Traffic Serv. )
- Use of pilots
- Environmental limitations
- Communications
- Training
- Port modifications
- Use of tugs
- Working hours and roster
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44. Countermeasures On each single element of risk Initiating event Risk
control
measure
On each single
element of risk
Initiating
event
Hazardous
situation
Incident
Risk
Frequency
severity
Consequence
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45. Management activities and tasks
Countermeasures
Threat 1
Consequence 1
Recovery
measures
Threat
barriers
Saf.Crit.
Management activities and tasks
Initiating
Event
Threat 2
Consequence 2
HAZARD
Threat 3
Consequence 3
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46. 2c TMSA Implementation Emergency situations
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47. Emergency Situations - Fire and explosion
- Failure of key controls of power sources
- Structural failures
- Work site injuries
- Diving, marine and aviation incidents
- Man over the board / missing person
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48. Emergency Situations - Spills and unplanned releases
- Loss of radioactive material
- Security breaches and sabotage
- Outbreaks of disease
- Civil disorder and military actions
- Geophysical and natural events
- Other….
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49. Emergency Response Plans Ships in Service Training Material
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50. Emergency Response Plans
- Clearly communicated
- Well-rehearsed
- Internal and external
emergency response
team co-ordination
- Attention to external
communication
- Provision for reporting &
investigating of incidents
- Environmental effects of
measures taken
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51. Emergency Response Measures
TEAM !
- Emergency shut-down systems
- Fire-fighting devices
- Emergency evacuation procedures
- Rescue craft
- First-aid equipment and personnel
- Specialist medical treatment
- Oil-spill clean-up systems
- Other….
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52. Emergency Response Measures
TEAM !
Preparation to
Emergency
Situations
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53. 2d TMSA Implementation Near misses Ship in Service Training Material
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54. Near misses
A event, or sequence of events, that did not result in an injury or incident but which, under slightly different circumstances,
could have done so.
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55. Near-Misses
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56. 176°
178°
38°
0200
0500
0745
0850
0200
0500
0745
0850
40°
No blame culture.
A management attitude to encourage and to promote open communication throughout the company.
WELLINGTON
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42°

57. - Their potential are not realised
Near-Misses
- Encapsulate valuable information
- Often go unreported ?
- Their potential are not realised
- Staff are discouraged from reporting :
- Fear of blame
- Complexity of the reporting system
Or simply “ I forgot
to fill up the report ”
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58. Why reporting Near-Misses
Preventive actions
Improvement
Life saving
New ideas
Corrective actions
Suggestions
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59. Safety and Improvement Report Accident / Near Accident
Near-Misses
NEAR-MISSES
Safety and Improvement Report
Accident / Near Accident
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60. 2e TMSA Implementation Data support The company memory
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61. Data Support Safety design Reliable organisation Return of experience
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62. Data Support Safety design Reliable Return of organisation experience
Daily Attitude
Drills & Training
Working Conditions
Good Practices
Recognition
Audit Reports
Non Conformity Reports
Accident/Incident Reports
Near-misse Reports
Corrective Action Reports
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