1. Chapter 1.3 & 1.4 Measurement & Mathematics in Science
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Chapter 1.3 & 1.4 Measurement & Mathematics in Science

2. Chapter Preview Questions
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Chapter Preview Questions
1. When scientists use their observations to suggest an explanation, they are
a. developing a hypothesis.
b. gathering data.
c. recording data.
d. designing an experiment.

3. Chapter Preview Questions
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Chapter Preview Questions
1. When scientists use their observations to suggest an explanation, they are
a. developing a hypothesis.
b. gathering data.
c. recording data.
d. designing an experiment.

4. Chapter Preview Questions
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Chapter Preview Questions
2. Scientists analyze their observations and data to
a. develop a hypothesis.
b. determine whether their evidence
supports their hypothesis.
c. design experiments.
d. advance scientific knowledge.

5. Chapter Preview Questions
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Chapter Preview Questions
2. Scientists analyze their observations and data to
a. develop a hypothesis.
b. determine whether their evidence supports
their hypothesis.
c. design experiments.
d. advance scientific knowledge.
Brain Pop

6. I. The Nature of Inquiry Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
There is no set path that a scientific inquiry must follow. Different scientists may choose different paths when studying the same event. Forming a hypothesis and gathering data to test your hypothesis are the main parts of scientific Inquiry.

7. II. Measurement Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Why do scientists use a standard measurement system?
 so they can compare data and communicate with each other about their results
What are the SI units of measurement for length, mass, volume, and temperature?
Length = meter
Mass = gram
Volume = liter
Temperature = Celsius

8. III. A Standard Measurement System
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
III. A Standard Measurement System
Scientists around the world use the SI System (System International) when making measurements and collecting data.
Using SI as the standard system of measurement allows scientists to compare data and communicate with each other about their results. SI units are based on multiples of 10.

9. Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Length
The basic unit of length in SI is the meter (m). We can use rulers, meter sticks, etc. to make these measurements.
Using a metric ruler

10. Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Mass
The SI unit of mass is the gram (g) & kilogram (kg). Balances and electronic scales are used to measure mass.

11. Volume Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
The SI unit of volume is the liter (L). Use a graduated cylinder for volume measurements. Read the amounts from the bottom of the meniscus.

12. Density Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Because density is actually made up of two other measurements–mass and volume–an object’s density is expressed as a combination of two units. The density of a substance stays the same no matter how large or small a sample of the substance is.
Generally units = grams/mL
or grams/cm3

13. Time Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
The second (s) is the SI unit of time.

14. Temperature Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Scientists use the Celsius and Kelvin scales to measure temperature. Kelvin (K) is the SI unit of temperature. However we use the Celsius scale on our thermometers and then convert the measurements to Kelvin if needed.

15. Section 1.4 Mathematics and Science
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Section 1.4 Mathematics and Science
What is important for scientists to have when collecting data and making measurements?

16. Section 4: Mathematics and Science
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Section 4: Mathematics and Science
What is important for scientists to have when collecting data and making measurements?
Accuracy and Reproducibility

17. Significant Figures Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
A measurement should contain only those numbers that are significant. The last digit in your amount is your estimated figure. The others are exact.

18. Multiplying Measurements
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Multiplying Measurements
When you multiply or add measurements, your answers can have only the same number of significant figures (gererally to the right of the decimal point) as the measurement with the fewest significant figures.

19. Significant Figure Problems
5.0 X 1.5 =
5.2 X 15 =
7.50 X 4.50 =
7.5 X 4.5 =
7.750 X =
Answers
5.0 X 1.5 = 7.5
5.2 X 15 = 75
7.50 X 4.50 = 33.75
7.5 X 4.5 = = 33.8
7.750 X =

20. Section 5: Graphs in Science
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Section 5: Graphs in Science
What type of data can line graphs display?
How do you determine a line of best fit or the slope of a graph?
Why are line graphs powerful tools in science?

21. The Importance of Graphs
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
The Importance of Graphs
Line graphs are used to display data to show how one variable changes in response to another variable. In this experiment, the responding variable is the time it takes for the water to boil. The manipulated variable is the volume of water in the pot.

22. Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Plotting a Line Graph

23. Plotting a Line Graph Activity
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Plotting a Line Graph Activity
Click the Active Art button to open a browser window and access Active Art about plotting a line graph.

24. Why Draw a Line of Best Fit?
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Why Draw a Line of Best Fit?
A line of best fit emphasizes the overall trend shown by all the data taken as a whole.

25. Slope Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
The slope of a graph line tells you how much y changes for every change in x.

26. Car Travel Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
The graph shows the distance a car travels in a one-hour period. Use the graph to answer the questions that follow.

27. Car Travel Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science Reading Graphs:
What variable is plotted on the horizontal axis? The vertical axis?
Time (min), the manipulated variable, is plotted on the horizontal axis. Distance (km), the responding variable, is plotted on the vertical axis.

28. Car Travel Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Interpreting Data:
How far does the car travel in the first 10 minutes? In 40 minutes?
The car travels 10 km in 10 minutes and 40 km in 40 minutes.

29. Car Travel Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science Predicting:
Use the graph to predict how far the car would travel in 120 minutes. Assume the car continues to travel at the same speed.
The car is traveling 1 km per minute. It would travel 120 km in 120 minutes.

30. Car Travel Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science Calculating:
Calculate the slope of the graph. What information does the slope provide?
The slope is 1 km/min. The slope provides information about the car’s average speed.

31. Using Graphs to Identify Trends
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Using Graphs to Identify Trends
Line graphs are powerful tools in science because they allow you to identify trends and make predictions.

32. Using Graphs to Identify Trends
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Using Graphs to Identify Trends
Line graphs are powerful tools in science because they allow you to identify trends and make predictions.

33. Using Graphs to Identify Trends
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Using Graphs to Identify Trends
Line graphs are powerful tools in science because they allow you to identify trends and make predictions.

34. Using Graphs to Identify Trends
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Using Graphs to Identify Trends
Line graphs are powerful tools in science because they allow you to identify trends and make predictions.

35. Using Graphs to Identify Trends
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Using Graphs to Identify Trends
Line graphs are powerful tools in science because they allow you to identify trends and make predictions.

36. End of Section: Graphs in Science
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
End of Section: Graphs in Science

37. Section 6: Science Laboratory Safety
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Section 6: Science Laboratory Safety
Why is preparation important when carrying out scientific investigations in the lab and in the field?
What should you do if an accident occurs?

38. Safety in the Lab Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
These safety symbols remind you to work carefully when performing labs in this textbook series. Make sure you are familiar with each safety symbol and what it means.

39. In Case of an Accident Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
When any accident occurs, no matter how minor, notify your teacher immediately. Then listen to your teacher’s directions and carry them out quickly.

40. Links on Laboratory Safety
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Links on Laboratory Safety
Click the SciLinks button for links on laboratory safety.

41. End of Section: Scientific Laboratory Safety
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
End of Section: Scientific Laboratory Safety

42. QuickTake Quiz Chapter 1 Introduction to Physical Science
Click to start quiz.