Slide 1 of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chapter 9 – Cellular Respiration Athletes get the energy they need from the break down of glucose during.

of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chapter 9 – Cellular Respiration Athletes get the energy they need from the break down of glucose during cellular respiration.

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cellular respiration takes place in both ANIMAL and PLANT cells. Animal Plant Animal Cells Plant Cells Mitochondrion What types of cells does CR take place in?

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Slide 3 of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Mitochondrion Outer membrane Intermembrane space Inner membrane Matrix What organelle doe CR take place in? The MITOCHONDRIA is where cellular respiration takes place.

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Slide 4 of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Key Facts about Cellular Respiration 1. Food is required. 2. The food is GLUCOSE (C 6 H 12 O 6 ). 3. Glucose is broken down into ENERGY. 4. The energy made is in the form of ATP.

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The equation for cellular respiration is: 6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Energy oxygen + glucose → carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP) What are the reactants? ___________ and __________ What are the products? _________ and ________ and ____________

9-1 Chemical Pathways Slide 6 of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Overview of Cellular Respiration What is cellular respiration? Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Cellular Respiration has 3 parts: 1.Glycolysis 2.Kreb Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) 3. Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Overview of Cellular Respiration Cytoplasm Pyruvic acid Mitochondrion Electrons carried in NADH Electrons carried in NADH and FADH 2 Glucose Glycolysis

of 39 Anaerobic vs. Aerobic Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ANAEROBIC - no oxygen required GLYCOLYSIS AEROBIC - oxygen required CITRIC ACID CYCLE ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

of 39 Glycolysis (part 1) Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Where does it take place? cytoplasm of cell (outside of mitochondria) What is it? A series of chemical reactions that break down glucose How? Breaks down glucose through chemical reactions Why? To make 2 molecules of pyruvic acid and 2 molecules of ATP Does it require oxygen? NO – it’s anaerobic

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Glycolysis ATP Production At the beginning of glycolysis, the cell uses up 2 molecules of ATP to start the reaction. 2 ADP 4 ADP 4 ATP 2 Pyruvic acid 2 ATP Glucose

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Glycolysis When glycolysis is complete, 4 ATP molecules have been produced. 2 ADP 4 ADP 4 ATP 2 ATP Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Glycolysis This gives the cell a net gain of 2 ATP molecules. 4 ADP 4 ATP Glucose 2 ADP 2 ATP 2 Pyruvic acid

of 39 Kreb Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) [Part 2] Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Where does it take place? Mitochondria (inner matrix) What is it? A series of chemical reactions that breaks down pyruvic acid How? Pyruvic acid is changed into acetyl-CoA then to Citric Acid -then to other carbon compounds Why? Makes Carbon Dioxide and 2 ATP Does it require oxygen? YES – it’s aerobic!

of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall The Krebs cycle begins when pyruvic acid produced by glycolysis enters the mitochondrion.

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Electron Transport Chain (ETC) [Part 3] Where? Mitochondria (inner membrane) What? Energized electrons move from protein to protein located in the inner membrane of mitochodria How? NADH and FADH 2 give up electrons Why? To make 34 ATP!!! Does it require oxygen? YES – it’s aerobic!

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Electron Transport High-energy electrons from NADH and FADH 2 are passed along the electron transport chain from one carrier protein to the next.

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Electron Transport As it rotates, the enzyme grabs a low-energy ADP, attaching a phosphate, forming high-energy ATP. ATP ATP synthase Channel

of 39 9-1 Chemical Pathways Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Fermentation What happens when oxygen is not present? Fermentation takes place after gylcolysis. NO KREB CYCLE OR ETC!!!! Fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP in the absence of oxygen.

9-1 Chemical Pathways Slide 21 of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Fermentation What are the two main types of fermentation? 1.Lactic Acid Fermentation 2.Alcoholic Fermentation

of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall FERMENTATION When? When cells are short on oxygen What? Anaerobic process that follows glycolysis until oxygen is available. How? Lactic Acid Fermentation or Alcoholic Fermentation Why? To produce energy when oxygen is low Requires Oxygen?No- it’s anaerobic!

of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall FERMENTATION LACTIC ACID Glucose Pyruvic Acid Lactic Acid + 2ATP Occurs in bacteria, plants, and animals Muscle fatigue ALCOHOLIC Glucose Pyruvic Acid Alcohol + 2ATP + CO 2 Yeast

- or - Continue to: Click to Launch: Slide 24 of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 9-1

of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 9-1 The raw materials required for cellular respiration are a.carbon dioxide and oxygen. b.glucose and water. c.glucose and oxygen. d.carbon dioxide and water.

of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 9-1 Glycolysis occurs in the a.mitochondria. b.cytoplasm. c.nucleus. d.chloroplasts.

of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 9-1 The net gain of ATP molecules after glycolysis is a.3 ATP molecules. b.2 ATP molecules. c.3 pyruvic acid molecules. d.4 pyruvic acid molecules.

of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 9-1 Fermentation releases energy from food molecules in the absence of a.oxygen. b.glucose. c.NADH. d.alcohol.

of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 9-1 The first step in fermentation is always a.lactic acid production. b.the Krebs cycle. c.glycolysis. d.alcohol production.

Slide 1 of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chapter 9 – Cellular Respiration Athletes get the energy they need from the break down of glucose during.

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Slide 1 of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chapter 9 – Cellular Respiration Athletes get the energy they need from the break down of glucose during."— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback

Log in

Auth with social network:

Slide 1 of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chapter 9 – Cellular Respiration Athletes get the energy they need from the break down of glucose during.

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Slide 1 of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chapter 9 – Cellular Respiration Athletes get the energy they need from the break down of glucose during."— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback