1. A Developing Power System: Challenges & Prospects
(Case study on Bangladesh)
Monir Hossain
Graduate Student (PhD)
Electrical Engineering
University of New Orleans

2. Bangladesh at a Glance Official Name : People’s Republic of Bangladesh
INDIA
CHINA
Official Name : People’s Republic of Bangladesh
Political System : Parliamentary Democracy
Population : 158 million
Area : 147,570 km2
Time Zone : GMT+6 Hours
GDP Per Capita : USD 829 (FY 2013)
GDP Growth Rate: 6-7% (High compare to other SARAC countries)
Major Maritime Ports: Chittagong, Mongla
Currency : BDT (1 BDT = USD 0.014)
Major Industries : Textile & RMG, Jute, Pharmaceuticals, Ship breaking
DHAKA
KHULNA
RAJSHAHI
SYLHET
CHITTAGONG
BARISAL
INDIA
200 miles
500 km 2

3. Bangladesh Power System Year 1972
Infrastructure:
Generation: 165MW
132kV Line: 1583 ckt km
66kV Line: 167 ckt. km

4. Bangladesh Grid Network
Year 2003
Infrastructure:
Generation: 3200MW
230kV Line: 1365 ckt. km
132kV Line: 4961 ckt. km
230/132kV SS: 7 (3150 MVA)
132/33kV SS: 63 (5507 MVA)

5. Bangladesh
Power System Year 2014
Infrastructure:
Generation: 10GW
400kV Line: ckt. km
230kV Line: 3038 ckt. km
132kV Line: 6224 ckt. km
HVDC Station: 1 (500 MW)
230/132kV SS: 17 (7525 MVA)
132/33kV SS: 103 (11780 MVA)

6. Historical Energy Net Generation (GWh) in Bangladesh6

7. Present Structure of Power Sector
Apex Institution
Power Division, Ministry of Power, Energy & Mineral Resources (MPEMR)
Regulator
Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission (BERC)
Generation
 Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB)
 Ashuganj Power Station Company Ltd. (APSCL)
 Electricity Generation Company of Bangladesh (EGCB)
 North West Power Generation Company Ltd. (NWPGCL)
 Independent Power Producers (IPPs)
Transmission
 Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Ltd (PGCB)
Distribution
 Dhaka Power Distribution Company (DPDC)
 Dhaka Electric Supply Company Ltd (DESCO)
 West Zone Power Distribution Company (WZPDC)
 Rural Electrification Board (REB) through Rural Co-operatives

8. Bangladesh’s Power Sector: At a Glance
2014
Electricity Growth :
10%
Generation Capacity (MW)
10,213
Maximum Generation (MW)
7,556
Total Consumers (in Million)
14.2
Transmission Lines (ckt.km)
9,322
Distribution Lines (km)
288,787
Per Capita Generation (including Captive)
321
Access to Electricity
(including Off-Grid Renewable)
62% 8

9. Primary Fuel Supply Options
Gas: Only 16 TCF proven reserve. No significant gas discovery in recent years. Depleting gas reserve restricts gas based generation expansion
Hydro: Present capacity 230 MW. No further significant potential
Coal: Total 3.2 billion ton reserve in 5 mines. Mines are located at dense populated area.
Oil: Depends on importing.
Renewable: Present capacity only 70 MW. High prospect of solar. 9

10. Present Installed Generation Capacity
Public Sector
SL.
Installed Generation Capacity (MW) 1.
BPDB
4186 2.
APSCL
777 3.
EGCB
622 4.
NWPGCL
300 5.
RPCL 77
Subtotal
5,962 (58%)
Private Sector
IPPs
1330
SIPPs (BPDB) 99
SIPPs (REB)
226
15 YR. Rental
167
3/5 YR. Rental
1929 6.
Power Import
500
4,251 (42%)
Total
10,213
Considering 20 % Maintenance and Forced Outage, Available Generation Capacity is about 7500 MW without fuel constraint 10

11. Fuel Mix: FY-2013 11

12. Typical Summer Load CurveMW

13. Typical Winter Load CurveMW

14. Estimated Future DemandMW 14

15. Challenges Huge demand supply gap causes regular load shedding
High growth rate of electricity due to new electrification & industrial growth
Fuel crisis due to depleting gas reserve
Arranging fund for investment

16. Scopes & Prospects Efficiency improvement of existing power plants.
Fuel diversification.
Regional power trading.

17. Efficiency improvement of existing power plants.
Total gas based power plants: 6500MW
Average efficiency of gas based power plants: 30%
Efficiency of modern CCPP (Gas)= 60%
Possible output using same amount of gas= 13000MW

18. Fuel Diversification
Coal:
Local Coal + Imported Coal
Solar:

19. Road Map for Coal Power Development
K-D-P 6x1000 MW
Meghnaghat 2x660MW
Chittagong 4x660MW
Moheshkhali/Matarbari 4x660MW
Khulna 2x660MW
Railway
Total 14,000MW
Coal Center
Chittagong
Matarbari
Sonadia Island
　　: Potential Coal PS
　　: Potential Coal Center
　　: Ocean-going vessel
　　: Transship

20. Solar Power Huge potential in solar Land constraint
Rooftop Solar Panels
Islands for Mega Solar
Bangladesh

21. Regional Power Trade

22. Hydro Power Potential & Transmission corridor
Solar Power
India needs corridor
Nepal & Bhutan has excess potential
Huge prospect
in solar
Main limitation:
Land constraint
Islands can be
identified for solar
(2000MW)
60GW
80GW
30GW
Bangladesh

23. Regional Power Exchange: Possibilities
6.5GW
6x6.5GW
1GW
6.5GW
2GW
4-6GW
1GW
1GW

24. Probable Power Generation: Primary Fuel Sources by 2030
Sl. No.
Description
Capacity (MW)
Probable Location (s) 1
Domestic Coal
6,000
North West Region at Mine Mouth 2
Imported Coal
8,000
Chittagong and Khulna 3
Domestic Gas
13,000
Near Load Centers 4
Solar
2,000
Islands, Rooftop 5
Regional Grid
8,000-10,000
Barapukuria, Jamalpur, Dhaka, Bheramara 6
Others (Oil, Hydro)
15,00
Total
41,500

25. Recommended Strategic Policy
Ensuring Investment Friendly Environment
Efficient use of gas: Simple Cycle to Combined Cycle Conversion
Coal Policy
Deep Sea Port & Coal Centre
Locations Identification for Mega Solar
Friendly Relation with Neighbor’s
Participation on Hydro Power Development Projects (India, Nepal & Bhutan)

26. THANKS