1. Population and migration analysis from the 2011 Census Lorraine Ireland and Vicky Field Census Analysis Unit, Population Statistics Division, ONS 17 July 2014

2. Migration data available from the 2011 Census Outline:  Using 2011 Census data to describe and analyse international migration to England and Wales  Using ‘country of birth’ and ‘passports held’  Historic patterns of migration since 1951  Economic and social characteristics of migrants  Short term residents  Origin–destination data will be available later in July 2014

3. The 2011 Census asked about country of birth... Those born abroad were asked when they arrived: If born outside the UK (in ‘Republic of Ireland’ or ‘Elsewhere’), fill in questions 10 and 11. Data collected on year of last arrival (also published as length of residence and age at arrival) Identifying recent arrivals. Differentiating recent arrivals who are usual residents (i.e. long term migrants) from short term residents.

4. …and passports held The question on passports held is used to determine nationality: Data published so far gives priority to UK, then Ireland, then other, giving one passport per person. Used to determine nationality. New question in 2011.

5. Nearly half of non-UK born held a UK passport Total born outside the UK Nearly half of non-UK born held a UK passport at the time of the census. Nearly all (97%) of those holding no passport were born in the UK.

6. Historical summary of non-UK born residents Each successive census revealed an increasing share of residents born abroad: 4.5 5.2 6.8 6.7 7.3 8.9 13.4 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 020406080100 Per cent UK bornNon-UK born Total pop (million) 43.7 46.0 48.7 48.5 49.9 52.0 56.1

7. Top five non-UK born populations 1951-2011

8. Census shows increasing diversity of foreign born The top ten countries of birth represent a declining proportion of the total number of residents born abroad: 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

9. Foreign nationals show ‘migrant’ age structure Age and sex distributions of UK and non-UK passport holders in England and Wales: 1510505 15 Per cent 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85 + Age Non-UK nationals = 4.2 million UK nationals = 42.6million Non-UK national males Non-UK national females UK nationals

10. Distribution of Non-UK born residents in 2011 New A8 migrant areas

11. Year of arrival can identify ‘waves’ of migration Half (50% or 3.7 million) of those born abroad had lived in the UK for 10 years or more. 020406080100 India Poland Pakistan Republic of Ireland Germany Bangladesh Nigeria South Africa United States Jamaica Per cent before 19811981-19901991-20002001-2011

12. Data available on characteristics of migrants Variety of social and economic data available by passports, country of birth and year of arrival:  Age and sex  Economic activity  Occupation and industry  Qualifications  English (Welsh) language proficiency  Housing tenure  Ethnic group  Health  Religion  National identity  Link to podcast or Link YouTube Link to podcast Link YouTube

13. Economic activity of Migrants (aged 16+) Of those that arrived in the UK between 2001 and 2011, 60 percent were employed and 21 per cent were students in 2011. of Nigerian-born 49 per cent were employed and 32 per cent were students of Polish-born 81 per cent were employed and 7 per cent were students Before 19811981-19901991-20002001-2011 0 20 40 60 80 100 Per cent Polish-born 23,0006,000 19,000 466,000 0 20 40 60 80 100 Before 19811981-19901991-20002001-2011 Per cent Nigerian-born 97,000 16,00025,00038,000 Economically active employed Economically active unemployed Economically inactiveStudent

14. English language proficiency English language proficiency for non-UK born aged 3 and over by year of arrival shows proficiency is lower for more recent arrivals  89% (6.7 million) of all non- UK born reported that they could speak English well, very well or as their main language  1.6% (118,000) could not speak English at all.  The proportion who reported they could speak no English at all remained fairly constant over the decades of arrival at 1-2 per cent. 0 20 40 60 80 100 Before 19811981-19901991-20002001-2011 Per cent Cannot speak English Cannot speak English well Speaks English well or very well English is main language

15. Housing tenure by country of birth Top ten non-UK countries of birth by housing tenure, 2011 Owner occupied highest among Indian (64%), Pakistani (64%) and Irish-born (63%) Social rented accommodation highest among Jamaican (35%) and Bangladeshi-born (33%) Private rented accommodation highest among Polish-born (71%) 0 20 40 60 80 100 Private rented Social rented Owned India Poland Pakistan Ireland Germany Bangladesh Jamaica Nigeria South Africa United States Per cent

16.  International migrants (December 2012). International migrants  Non-UK Born Short-Term Residents in England and Wales, 2011 (March 2013)Non-UK Born Short-Term Residents in England and Wales, 2011  Detailed country of birth and nationality analysis from the 2011 Census of England and Wales (May 2013) Detailed country of birth and nationality analysis from the 2011 Census of England and Wales  Economic and Social Characteristics of the Resident Population of England and Wales by Nationality and Country of Birth in 2011 (July 2013) Economic and Social Characteristics of the Resident Population of England and Wales by Nationality and Country of Birth in 2011  Immigration Patterns of Non-UK Born Populations in England and Wales in 2011 (December 2013)Immigration Patterns of Non-UK Born Populations in England and Wales in 2011 Published Census short stories on Migration

17. Demographic data available from the 2011 Census Data available: Age and sex Marital status Living arrangements Family type Household composition Children

18. Families 18% Lone parent families 17% Cohabiting couple families 65% Married couple families

19. Married couple families by country of birth High proportions of married couple families may reflect cultural attitudes towards families and marriage in the population. 85% of Indian born FRPs were married couple families.

20. Marital status – UK countries - 2011 35% 34% 35% 36% 35% 47% 45% 48% 47% 3% 2% 3% 4% 3% 9% 10% 8% 5% 9% 7% 8% 7% England Wales Scotland Northern Ireland UK SingleMarried/civil partnershipSeparatedDivorcedWidowed For all usual residents aged 16 and over: Single proportion lowest in Wales, highest in Northern Ireland Married proportion highest in Northern Ireland, lowest in Scotland Divorced proportion highest in Wales, but separated is lowest Widowed proportions higher in Wales and in Scotland

21. Marital status pyramid 2011 We found that... People stay single for longer People marry later Widowhood declined especially for males

22. Marital status of the cohabiting population 12% of the adult household population were cohabiting in 2011, an increase from 10% in 2001 Majority of cohabiting population single (never married) 7.3% of the cohabiting population still legally married (including separated) 69% 2.7% 4.6% 21% 2.6% Single Married Separated Divorced Widowed

23. Did you know...

24. Interactive map

25. Published Census short stories on demography  Families and Households in England and Wales 2011 (January 2013) Families and Households in England and Wales 2011  What does the 2011 Census tell us about Older People? (September 2013)What does the 2011 Census tell us about Older People?  The Workday Population of E&W: An Alternative 2011 Census Output Base (October 2013).The Workday Population of E&W: An Alternative 2011 Census Output Base  What does the 2011 Census tell us about Concealed families living in multi-family households (February 2014)What does the 2011 Census tell us about Concealed families living in multi-family households  How have living arrangements and marital status in E&W changed since 2001? ( March 2014) How have living arrangements and marital status in E&W changed since 2001?  Households and household composition in England and Wales 2001-2011 (May 2014) Households and household composition in England and Wales 2001-2011  How do living arrangements, family type and family size vary in England and Wales? (June 2014)How do living arrangements, family type and family size vary in England and Wales?  What does the 2011 Census tell us about the oldest old living in England and Wales? (December 2013) What does the 2011 Census tell us about the oldest old living in England and Wales  Childbearing of UK and non-UK born women living in the UK (February 2014) Childbearing of UK and non-UK born women living in the UK  Stepfamilies (May 2014)Stepfamilies

26. Possible further analysis Dependent children with two parental addresses Out of term student population Internal migration Second residences Living alone Communal establishments Detailed social and economic characteristics of migrant populations Suggestions welcome! census.analysis.inbox@ons.gsi.gov.uk census.analysis.inbox@ons.gsi.gov.uk

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