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Essentials of Fire Fighting 6th Edition Firefighter I
Chapter 1 — Orientation and Fire Service History
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Learning Objective 1 Summarize the history of the fire service.
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Colonial North America
Fire service history is an important part of understanding current practices. Jamestown Boston New Amsterdam (New York) Philadelphia Colonial North America Steam pumpers Iron structural members Steel replaced iron Skyscrapers NFPA® Industrial revolution influence
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Significant historical events result in current laws and equipment.
Courtesy of Spinner Publications (Cont.)
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Significant historical events result in current laws and equipment.
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REVIEW QUESTION How were early fire organizations started?
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There are general trends of change in the modern fire service.
Fire prevention and public safety education Firefighter safety Emergency medical services Hazardous materials Terrorism Natural disasters (All hazard mitigation) Professionalization for the fire service Community-based fire protection
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REVIEW QUESTION What are some of the areas that have changed significantly in the 20th Century for fire service in North America?
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Learning Objective 2 Explain the organizational characteristics, cultural challenges, and cultural strengths that influence the fire service.
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Organizational Characteristics
Fire service culture is influenced by its organization and cultural challenges. Culture Organizational Characteristics Cultural Challenges Based on history and tradition Grows with education Command structure Ranks Uniforms Teamwork
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Fire service culture develops specific cultural strengths.
Integrity Moral character Work ethic Pride Courage Loyalty Respect Compassion
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REVIEW QUESTION How do organizational characteristics, cultural challenges, and cultural strengths influence the fire service?
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Learning Objective 3 Describe the mission of the fire service.
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REVIEW QUESTION What is the mission of the fire service?
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The fire service mission establishes department organization.
Save lives Protect property and environment Fire Service Mission
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Learning Objective 4 Describe the organization of fire departments.
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Department organization is based on a system of rank tied to specific duties.
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Fire department types are determined by how the organization is funded.
Public Private
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Types of staffing vary based on funding and duties assigned at the station.
Career Volunteer On-call Combination
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Departmental duties are separated based on who personnel support.
Directly to external customers Line personnel Support line personnel Staff personnel Courtesy Bob Espositio
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REVIEW QUESTIONS What are the three main types of staffing found in the fire service? What is the central difference between line functions and staff functions?
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Learning Objective 5 Distinguish among functions of fire companies.
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The basic organization of a fire company is based on assigned duties.
Basic unit with the officer at top Battalion or district Companies located in response area Operations division Manages day-to-day operations
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Fire company duties vary depending on their main purpose.
Engine company Truck (ladder) Company Courtesy of Ron Moore, McKinney (TX) FD Rescue squad/ company Brush company (Cont.)
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Fire company duties vary depending on their main purpose.
Hazardous Materials company Aircraft rescue and fire fighting company Emergency medical/ ambulance company Special rescue company Courtesy of Edwin Jones
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REVIEW QUESTION How are the duties of an engine company different from a rescue squad/company?
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Learning Objective 6 Summarize primary knowledge and skills the firefighter must have to function effectively.
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Learning Objective 7 Distinguish among the primary roles of fire service personnel.
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Fire department personnel must meet specific qualifications.
Professional Educational Age Medical Job-related physical fitness Training in basic medical care
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Emergency Operations Division
Line functions form the foundation of the uniformed part of fire service. Emergency Operations Division Fire Fighter I Fire Fighter II (Cont.)
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Emergency Operations Division
Line functions form the foundation of the uniformed part of fire service. Emergency Operations Division Fire apparatus driver/operator Airport firefighter Hazardous materials technician Courtesy of Doug Allen and Ames (IA) FD (Cont.)
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Emergency Operations Division
Line functions form the foundation of the uniformed part of fire service. Emergency Operations Division Rescue technician Wildland firefighter Fire department incident safety office Fire police personnel (Cont.)
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Emergency Operations Division
Line functions form the foundation of the uniformed part of fire service. Emergency Operations Division Fire department officer Company officer District/ Battalion chief Assistant/ Deputy Chief Fire Marshal Fire Chief (Cont.)
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Emergency Operations Division
Line functions form the foundation of the uniformed part of fire service. Emergency Operations Division Emergency medical responders Emergency medical technicians Advanced emergency medical technicians Paramedics (Cont.)
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REVIEW QUESTION What is the primary difference between Firefighter I and Firefighter II duties?
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Fire prevention division
Line functions form the foundation of the uniformed part of fire service. Fire prevention division Fire prevention officer/ inspector Plans examiner Fire and arson investigator Public fire and life safety educator Fire protection engineer/ specialist
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Staff functions support and train members of the fire service.
Fire department health and safety officer Telecommunicators Fire alarm personnel Apparatus and equipment maintenance personnel Information systems personnel Clerical staff Training division Instructors Training officer/ chief of training
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REVIEW QUESTION How are qualifications for different line positions regulated? What types of staff functions support and supplement line functions?
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Learning Objective 8 Describe fire department organizational principles.
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Fire service members must understand department organizational principles.
Chain of command Unity of command (Cont.)
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Fire service members must understand department organizational principles.
Span of control Division of labor Discipline
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REVIEW QUESTION What are the organizational principles of the fire service?
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Learning Objective 9 Locate information in departmental documents and standard or code materials.
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Learning Objective 10 Distinguish between fire department SOPs and rules and regulations.
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Personnel must know how to locate information in fire department regulations.
First, ask your supervisor May be on file at administrative office May be posted
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The fire service is regulated by a variety of rules and procedures.
Policies Guide to decision making Set boundaries, establish standards of conduct Procedures Detailed plan of action List step-by-step for conducting policy (Cont.)
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REVIEW QUESTION What steps can be taken to locate information in department policies?
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The fire service is regulated by a variety of rules and procedures.
Laws, Statutes, or Ordinances Federal State/provincial Local Codes and standards Standard – Set of principles, protocols, procedures Code – Collection of rules and regulations Orders and Directives Issued from top command Used to implement departmental policies
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REVIEW QUESTION How are policies and procedures different from one another?
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Learning Objective 11 Explain the ways the fire service may interact with other organizations.
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Fire service personnel will interact with various other organizations.
EMS and Hospitals Emergency disaster management Law enforcement Courtesy of Tim Burkitt/FEMA (Cont.)
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REVIEW QUESTION What other organizations may provide services to the public along with firefighters?
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Fire service personnel will interact with various other organizations.
Utility companies Public works Media Other agencies
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REVIEW QUESTION What should a firefighter do when approached by members of the media?
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Summary Firefighting is a profession with a long and proud tradition of service to the community. (Cont.)
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Summary To perform as a firefighter you need physical skills, and knowledge of the regulations that govern your organization, the laws that regulate fire service, the incident command system, as well as, an understanding of agencies that interact with the fire department.
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