1. Cell Organelles Eukaryotic Cells

2. Cell Parts Cells – the basic unit of life Organelles - small structures inside a cell with specific functions. Analogy – City of Rocklin

3. 1) Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane Analogy – Gowanda village limits Function: Regulates materials entering and exiting the cell. Allows material to pass through pores (holes). Cell membrane

4. 2) Cell Wall (Plant cells only) Analogy – ground, rock wall 1.Function: Provides support for the cell and the plant. 2.Structure:rigid and stiff Cell Wall

5. 3) Chloroplasts (Plants only) Analogy – Solar Panels 1.Function: site of photosynthesis (converting sunlight and carbondioxide into sugar). 2.Structure: contains green chlorophyll Chloroplasts

6. 4) Cytoplasm 1.Function: Fills the cell and cushions the organelles that lie between the cell membrane and the nucleus. Gel-like Analogy – All air, water, life that are in Gowanda, except City Hall Cytoplasm

7. 5) Endoplasmic Reticulum Analogy – Roads & Sidewalks 1.Function: Transportation route for proteins. a.Rough ER: has ribosomes b.Smooth ER: no ribosomes 2.Structure: tubes and channels Rough ER Smooth ER

8. 6) Golgi Apparatus Analogy – Post Office 1.Function: Processes, Packages, labels and ships proteins. -near ER Golgi Apparatus

9. 7) Lysosomes Analogy – Recycling center 1.Function: packets of digestive enzymes that break down materials in a cell. - In animal cells Lysosomes

10. 8) Mitochondria Analogy – electric plant 1.Function: Produce energy for the cell using oxygen and “food”– site of cellular respiration. “The Powerhouse” -in all cells Mitochondria

11. 9) Nucleus 1.Function: “Control Center.” Holds genetic material. 2.Structure: has a membrane and strands of DNA-chromatin, and nucleolus Analogy – City Hall Nucleus

12. 9a) Nuclear Membrane Analogy – Walls & Doors of City Hall 1.Function: Regulates what enters or exits the nucleus. Nuclear Envelope

13. 9b) Nucleolus Analogy – The Mayor 1.Function: Produces RNA, which are used to make all proteins. 2.Structure: Inside Nucleus, separate from DNA Nucleolus

14. 9c) DNA – Deoxyribonucleic acid Analogy – The Laws or City Code 1.Function: information on how to make proteins. a.Chromatin – strands of DNA (normal state) b.Chromosomes – organized DNA (present before cell division) DNA (chromatin)

15. 10) Ribosomes Analogy – Restaurants, Factories, Builders. 1.Function: Makes proteins. 2.Structure: small circular organelles Ribosomes Free Ribosomes

16. 11) Vacuoles & Vesicles Analogy – Grocery stores, water tanks. 1.Function: Storage for water, nutrients or waste. Vesicles

17. YOU WILL LEARN THESE LATER…..

18. Centrioles (Animals Only) 1.Function: microtubules that help divide the cell during cell division. Centrioles

19. Cilia & Flagella Analogy – Cars or bicycles. 1.Function: provides movement for the cell or objects moving by the cell. 2.Structure: a. Flagella – 1 long fiber b. Cilia – many short fibers Flagella Cilia

20. Cell Parts Analogy Create an analogy (besides the city analogy) for the cell and its parts Possible ideas: –Stadium –School –Country –Restaurant –House –Mall –Waterpark

21. Stadium Example: Cell membrane: wall of stadium, gates Cytoplasm: everything inside the stadium. Nucleus: the control room for the stadium. Etc…