1. 4 A Tour of the Cell Brad Stith, University of Colorado Denver4
A Tour of the Cell
Questions prepared by
Brad Stith, University of Colorado Denver
Jung Choi, Georgia Institute of Technology

2. Which cellular structure is common to all three domains of life?
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
phospholipid bilayer cell membrane
endocytotic vesicles
Answer: D

3. Which cellular structure is common to all three domains of life?
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
phospholipid bilayer cell membrane
endocytotic vesicles 3

4. endoplasmic reticulum nucleus lysosomes Golgi plasma membrane
Enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of membrane lipids would be located in what part of the cell?
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleus
lysosomes
Golgi
plasma membrane
Answer: A
This question focuses on Concept 4.4. 4

5. endoplasmic reticulum nucleus lysosomes Golgi plasma membrane
Enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of membrane lipids would be located in what part of the cell?
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleus
lysosomes
Golgi
plasma membrane 5

6. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have double membranes.
Which of the following is not an argument for the theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from prokaryotic endosymbionts?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have double membranes.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own ribosomes.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA.
The mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes are circular.
All of the above support the endosymbiotic theory.
Answer: E
This question focuses on Concept 4.5. 6

7. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have double membranes.
Which of the following is not an argument for the theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from prokaryotic endosymbionts?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have double membranes.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own ribosomes.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA.
The mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes are circular.
All of the above support the endosymbiotic theory. 7

8. Autophagy removes old damaged organelles like mitochondria
Autophagy removes old damaged organelles like mitochondria. Decreased autophagy results in degeneration and inflammation and may result in the “symptoms” of aging. Which of the following organelle(s) is/are central to autophagy?
smooth ER
peroxisomes
rough ER
lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
Answer: D
This question covers a hot area of research and involves application of information on lysosomes. 8

9. Autophagy removes old damaged organelles like mitochondria
Autophagy removes old damaged organelles like mitochondria. Decreased autophagy results in degeneration and inflammation and may result in the “symptoms” of aging. Which of the following organelle(s) is/are central to autophagy?
smooth ER
peroxisomes
rough ER
lysosomes
Golgi apparatus 9

10. What proteins are not made at the rough ER?
insulin
digestive enzymes of the gut
antibodies in the blood
enzymes found within the peroxisome organelle
collagen (an extracellular matrix protein)
Answer: D 10

11. What proteins are not made at the rough ER?
insulin
digestive enzymes of the gut
antibodies in the blood
enzymes found within the peroxisome organelle
collagen (an extracellular matrix protein) 11

12. What is the correct order of the exocytosis or secretion pathway?
rough ER, endosome, Golgi, smooth ER
rough ER, Golgi, smooth ER, exocytosis
smooth ER, rough ER, exocytosis, Golgi
rough ER, Golgi, transport vesicle, exocytosis
rough ER, Golgi, endosome, exocytosis, transport vesicle
Answer: D 12

13. What is the correct order of the exocytosis or secretion pathway?
rough ER, endosome, Golgi, smooth ER
rough ER, Golgi, smooth ER, exocytosis
smooth ER, rough ER, exocytosis, Golgi
rough ER, Golgi, transport vesicle, exocytosis
rough ER, Golgi, endosome, exocytosis, transport vesicle 13

14. lysosomes, transport vesicles, plasma membrane
Brefeldin A is a drug that disrupts transport from the ER to the Golgi apparatus. What other organelles and membranes are affected?
lysosomes, transport vesicles, plasma membrane
mitochondria, peroxisomes, plasma membrane
vacuoles, mitochondria, plasma membrane
lysosomes, transport vesicles, nuclear membrane
all intracellular organelles and membranes
Answer: A
This question corresponds with Concept 4.4. It addresses student understanding of membrane flow and the continuity of the endomembrane system. 14

15. lysosomes, transport vesicles, plasma membrane
Brefeldin A is a drug that disrupts transport from the ER to the Golgi apparatus. What other organelles and membranes are affected?
lysosomes, transport vesicles, plasma membrane
mitochondria, peroxisomes, plasma membrane
vacuoles, mitochondria, plasma membrane
lysosomes, transport vesicles, nuclear membrane
all intracellular organelles and membranes 15

16. Alcohol is destroyed in the cell by the removal of hydrogen atoms
Alcohol is destroyed in the cell by the removal of hydrogen atoms. Where does this occur? (Drugs are destroyed in the cell at a different location.)
lysosome
smooth ER
peroxisome
rough ER
Golgi apparatus
Answer: C
This is important/interesting information to students and is aimed at Concept 4.5. The question includes information to remind students of hydroxylation of drugs at the smooth ER. 16

17. Alcohol is destroyed in the cell by the removal of hydrogen atoms
Alcohol is destroyed in the cell by the removal of hydrogen atoms. Where does this occur? (Drugs are destroyed in the cell at a different location.)
lysosome
smooth ER
peroxisome
rough ER
Golgi apparatus 17

18. maintaining cell shape cell motility (cilia or flagella)
Taxol, a drug approved for the treatment of breast cancer, prevents depolymerization of microtubules. What cellular function that affects cancer cells more than normal cells might Taxol interfere with?
maintaining cell shape
cell motility (cilia or flagella)
chromosome movements in cell division
cell division (cleavage furrow formation)
cytoplasmic streaming
Answer: C
This question corresponds with Concept 4.5 and Table 4.1 and relates the cytoskeleton to cell division and cancer. It emphasizes that cytoskeletal elements have to be dynamic: Freezing the microtubules prevents the dynamic microtubule rearrangements, growth, and depolymerization required for cell division. It asks students to think about the differences between cancer cells and normal cells. 18

19. maintaining cell shape cell motility (cilia or flagella)
Taxol, a drug approved for the treatment of breast cancer, prevents depolymerization of microtubules. What cellular function that affects cancer cells more than normal cells might Taxol interfere with?
maintaining cell shape
cell motility (cilia or flagella)
chromosome movements in cell division
cell division (cleavage furrow formation)
cytoplasmic streaming 19

20. collagen of extracellular matrix.
Glucosamine, chondroitin, and hyaluronate are sold in health-food and grocery stores to help reduce pain and increase flexibility in the joints. They are molecules that make up
collagen of extracellular matrix.
proteoglycan complex of extracellular matrix.
integrins.
fibronectin.
cytoskeleton.
Answer: B 20

21. collagen of extracellular matrix.
Glucosamine, chondroitin, and hyaluronate are sold in health-food and grocery stores to help reduce pain and increase flexibility in the joints. They are molecules that make up
collagen of extracellular matrix.
proteoglycan complex of extracellular matrix.
integrins.
fibronectin.
cytoskeleton. 21