1. Earth’s Rocks MineralsRocksSoilsMiscellaneous 10 20 30 40 50

2. Minerals form only in ____________, from materials that were never alive. nature

3. What is the most useful property for identifying minerals. hardness

4. How is a rock different from a mineral? A rock is made up of one or more minerals.

5. Name one mineral and how it is used everyday. Graphite – pencil Copper – computer parts Iron – make steel Rock salt - food

6. Name one property of a minerals and how it is used to identify the mineral. streak, fluorescence, crystal shape, cleave, hardness

7. Rock that forms when melted rock hardens. Igneous Rock

8. Rock that forms when smaller bits of rock bind together. Sedimentary Rock

9. Rock that has been changed by pressure, heat, or very hot water. Metamorphic Rock

10. What types of rock can form thanks to the rock cycle? Igneous, Sedimentary, & Metamorphic Rock

11. What causes both igneous and metamorphic rock to form where a land plate meets an ocean plate? Heat and pressure caused by the collision of the plates

12. The bottom soil horizon, mainly composed of rock bedrock

13. What is the middle layer of soil, which is mostly made of small bits of rock? Subsoil

14. What soil layer contains the most humus; decayed plant and animal matter? Topsoil

15. What natural event caused the soil to be blown from farms in the central US? Dust Bowl/Storms

16. How thick is a layer of topsoil usually? A few centimeters

17. A natural, solid substance with a definite chemical composition and physical structure. mineral

18. The uppermost layer of soil, which is more crumbly than other soil layers. Topsoil

19. It is important to conserve soil because it takes many __________ of years for soil to form naturally. thousands

20. Melted rock within the Earth. magma

21. Name one way farmers have changed their farming techniques to help conserve soil. Windbreaks of trees, contour plowing, strips with shallow/deep roots

22. Tie Breaker

23. The surface of the earth is made of these and is not this. The surface of the earth is made up of plates it is not a single slab of rock.