1. Byzantine Art: Style of art originating out of Byzantine Empire, rich color, flat, stiff figures that appear to be floating, big round eyes, gold background
Who do you think this is?

2. It’s Emperor Justinian
It’s Emperor Justinian! What does this image tell us about relationship between Church/State?

3. The Great Schism of 1054

4. Christianity in the Byzantine Empire
Official religion of the empire
Church worked closely with gov’t
Emperor was believed to be Christ’s representative on earth
Remember this guy???

5. Main Players Emperor Leo III – Eastern Empire, 717-741
Byzantine Emperor
Pope is in Western Empire (also named Leo IX)
Patriarch = Head of Church in Byzantine Empire

6. East vs. West… What were some of the primary differences: Political?
Economic?
Religious?
Cultural?
Continuing the tradition of East vs. West…

7. Growing Apart Geographic distance Competition between diocese
Different customs
Language
Marital status of priests
Communion bread
Dress
Use of icons

8. The issue of icons Idols or symbols of God’s presence?
AD 726 – Emperor Leo III bans use of icons
Iconoclasts = image breakers
Many refuse to follow, church appeals decision

9. The real issue?

10. Let’s get ready to rumble…
Pope names Charlemagne emperor of Holy Roman Empire (to show he is in charge of politics)
Patriarch refuses to recognize Pope (why? remember the emperor’s role on earth…)
Pope has Leo III excommunicated
Patriarch excommunicates the Pope

11. The Great Schism Schism = division or breaking up
Temporary truce in the 1400s, don’t make peace again until 1964

12. Roman Catholicism v. Eastern Orthodox
In the West:
Centered in Rome
Priests were celibate
Latin used in services
Supported use of icons
Headed by Pope
Becomes Roman Catholic Church
In the East:
Centered in Constantinople
Priests could marry
Greek used in services
Forbid use of icons
Headed by Patriarch
Becomes Eastern Orthodox Church