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UNIT VI SCHOOL BUS CRITICAL SITUATIONS
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VI-2 Topics: Responses to critical situations Preventing and correcting: traction loss loss of brakes steering failure tire blowout headlight failure accelerator sticking engine overheating Classifications of fire School bus evacuation procedures
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VI-3 Critical Situation Driver action Roadway situation = COLLISION Vehicle malfunction
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VI-4 How Quick on the Draw are You? Directions: Form teams of two Each team must have a watch with a second hand One game sheet per team Touch numbered squares in sequence Time each attempt Three attempts per player Record time for each attempt
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VI-5
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VI-6 Why Drivers Respond the Way They Do Surprise causes hasty action Surprise leads to panic/ fear Drivers become confused when panicking Correct action must be learned in advance
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VI-7 How Drivers Can Improve Thinking reduces panic Ability depends upon driver mind set Knowledge and practice reduce surprise “What if” is good practice Repetition reduces surprise
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VI-8 Driver Safety Formula Skill + Knowledge + Conditioning + Concentration _____________________ = Reduction in critical situations
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VI-9 Traction Loss Traction is important to starting, stopping, and turning any vehicle. When traction is reduced or lost completely, the driver is confronted with a critical situation.
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VI-10 What is Traction Loss? Traction loss occurs when tires lose their rolling grip on the road surface, resulting in partial or total loss of vehicle control.
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VI-11 Causes of Traction Loss Overpowering Overbreaking Steering and speed
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VI-12 Minimizing Traction Loss Keep brakes and tires in good working order Increase sight distance and react to hazards well in advance Match speed conditions Avoid overpowering, over braking, and over steering Stay off highway when conditions are hazardous
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VI-13 Traction Loss Summary A competent driver rarely allows his vehicle to lose traction, but—if it does, he possesses the capability to cope effectively with the situation.
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VI-14 Potential Vehicle Malfunctions Loss of brakes Steering failure Tire blowout Headlight failure Accelerator sticking Engine overheating
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VI-15 Loss of Brakes Indicated by signal from buzzer, air pressure gauge Correction: Use engine as brake; down shift. Continue application of brake pedal. Get off road and stop immediately.
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VI-16 Steering Failure Correction: Grip wheel firmly—get off road No wheel response—stop bus quickly and safely Evacuate passengers (if warranted) Secure area
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VI-17 Tire blowout Correction: Grip wheel firmly Release accelerator Steady braking—do not lock wheels Move off roadway Secure vehicle
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VI-18 Headlight Failure Turn on parking/ auxiliary lights Turn on emergency flashers, brake lights, right turn signal. Slow down Stay on path Look for escape Look for something to orient you
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VI-19 Accelerator Sticking Apply brakes Shift to neutral Steer off roadway Turn off engine after stopping bus
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VI-20 Engine Overheating Pull off road Shift to neutral—run engine at fast idle Stop engine if it does not cool Call for assistance
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VI-21 Emergency Equipment and Emergency Procedures Topics: Fire extinguishers Reflectors Evacuations Stakeouts
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VI-22 Type: A (Ashes) B (Barrels) C (Current) Source: Combustible materials Flammable liquids Electrical
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VI-23 Fire Extinguisher Operation Pull pin—use twisting motion Hold in upright position Squeeze trigger lever Direct at base of fire—use side to side motion
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VI-24 Required Warning Devices 3 Bidirectional emergency reflective triangles
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VI-25 Vehicle Stakeout Requirements Bidirectional emergency reflective triangles Placed as follows: One 100’ in front of the bus in center of lane occupied by the bus One 100’ to the rear of the bus in center of lane occupied by the bus One at the traffic side of the bus either 10’ to the front or rear of the bus
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VI-26 Reasons for Evacuation Fire Potential Fire Vehicle in dangerous position
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VI-27 School Bus Evacuation Film Emergency School Bus Evacuation Points of interest: Three evacuation methods Driver’s role Leader’s and helper’s role Distance students move away from bus
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VI-28 Front Door Evacuation
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VI-29 Rear Door Evacuation
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VI-30 Front and Rear Door Evacuation
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VI-31 Department of Education Requirement Evacuation Drills A school bus driver shall know how to conduct an emergency bus evacuation.
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VI-32 Special Needs Evacuation Lift Evacuation Ramp Evacuation Blanket Drag/Carry Removal from Wheelchair
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VI-33 Summary Responses to critical situations Preventing and correcting: traction loss loss of brakes steering failure tire blowout headlight failure accelerator sticking engine overheating Classifications of fire School bus evacuation procedures
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