1. JOINT STANDING COMMITTEE ON DEFENCE & MILITARY VETERANS
PRESENTATION TO THE
JOINT STANDING COMMITTEE ON
DEFENCE & MILITARY VETERANS
on the
REVITALISATION OF THE
RESERVES
Maj Gen R.C. Andersen
04 Jun 2015 1

2. AIM
To brief the JOINT STANDING COMMITTEE ON DEFENCE & MILITARY VETERANS on the Status and Revitalisation of The Reserves
The Reserves are commanded by the Service Chiefs and not Chief of the Defence Reserves 2 2

3. SANDF RESERVES THE PRESENTATION TEAM
Maj Gen R. Andersen – Chief Defence Reserves
Brig Gen D. Molefe – Dir Defence Reserves
Brig Gen (Dr) G. Kamffer – Dir SA Army Reserves
Brig Gen H. Smith – Dir SA Air Force Human Resources
R Adm (JG) R. Ndabambi – Dir SA Navy Reserves
Brig Gen (Dr) A.N.C. Maminze – Dir SAMHS Reserves 3

4. CONTENT Background Where are we now? Why have Reserves (Business Case)
C SANDF Priority
One Force Concept
Role of the Reserves
Reserve Service System
Where are we now?
Strengths
Equity status
University Reserve Training Programme (URTP)
What have we achieved? 4

5. CONTENT (2) Where do we want to be?
Revitalisation and Transformation Plan
What are the challenges to get there?
Feeder System
Defence Review 2014 Implementation
Leader group development and transformation
Conclusion 5

6. SANDF RESERVES WHY HAVE RESERVES?
Good for Citizenship and Nation building
Popularises Defence Force
Cost Effective
Not paid when not called up
No pension cost
Medical cover only on call up
Provide access to scarce/expensive skills and experience
Provide surge capacity when needed
Legal requirement
Required by the White Paper on Defence 1996 and Defence Review 2014 6

7. SANDF RESERVES THE BUSINESS CASE
Reserves are less expensive than Regulars
Reserves currently take only 7% of SA Army Salary budget
Reserves provide up to 50% of deployments in SA Army, especially for border safeguarding
The Defence Review requires at least 8% personnel expenses to be spent on Reserves 7

8. SANDF RESERVES C SANDF Priority
In support of the MOD& MV priorities ‘Human Resource Renewal’ a policy and strategy on the revitalisation and transformation of Reserves will be promulgated and implemented systematically in the medium-term as allowed by available resources 8

9. SANDF RESERVES C SANDF Priority (2)
The policy will ensure that Reserves have a feeder system that gives the required capacity to:
execute their duty (compliment the regulars) are well administered;
receive appropriate training support;
form part of the standing and surge military capability and inherent force design;
provide the expansion capacity of the SANDF, and
provide certain of the specialist scare skills such as required for post-conflict reconstruction 9

10. Reserves are not unionised but part of grievance structure
SANDF RESERVES
ONE FORCE CONCEPT
THREE COMPONENTS
- Regulars
- Reserves
- PSAPs
EQUAL PROMINENCE
REGULARS AND RESERVES
- Equal training
- Equal standards
- Appropriate service conditions
Reserves are not unionised but part of grievance structure 10

11. SANDF RESERVES ROLE OF THE RESERVES (Defence Review)
Augment the Regulars in ongoing operations and day-to-day activities of the Defence Force
Form part of standing and surge military force capability
Provide expansion capability for major combat operations and crisis response
Provide certain specialist and scarce skills to Defence Force
Provide the main specialist capability for reconstruction and development
Enhance relationship between the Defence Force, the public and private sectors
Reserves are employed at all levels of SANDF and in most Divisions 11

12. HOW TO JOIN THE RESERVE FORCE?
SANDF RESERVES
HOW TO JOIN THE RESERVE FORCE?
From a Former Force
From the Regulars
From MSDS
From Direct Recruitment (prospective)
Into a pool of specialists
Into the University Reserve Training Programme 12

13. THE RESERVE SERVICE SYSTEM
SCHOOL
RECRUITMENT
SELECTION
TWO YEARS MSDS
RESKILLING
JOB/PLACEMENT
5 YEARS SERVICE IN A RES F UNIT
MSDS
YEAR 1
YEAR 2
YEAR 3
YEAR 4
YEAR 5
Voluntary participation
Cont Trg
Deploy
Conv Exercise
YEAR 6+ 13

14. NEWLY APPROVED CONCEPT FOR THE RESKILLING OF UNEMPLOYED RESERVES
UTILISATION AS RESERVE MEMBERS IN THE PROVINCE
MILITARY UNIT (REG)
MILITARY UNIT (RES)
5 years
RE-SKILLING
PROVINCE
(MILITARY) AGRI-VILLAGE*
SMALL TOWN
AND SURROUNDING AREAS
2 years
MSDS and the RESERVE DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM (RDS)
RECRUITMENT
NAVY YOUNGSEALS
YOUNG LIONS
CO-OP
*The military agri-village concept being formulated. 14 52 14

15. SANDF RESERVE CURRENT STRENGTH – 31 MARCH 2015
SERVICE /DIVISION
STRENGTH
SA Army
14 637
SA Air Force
976
SA Navy
1 106
SA Military Health Service
2 832
Log Division
551
Defence Legal Service
216
Joint Operations Division
1 739
All Other Divisions
519
Total
22 576
members called-up between 01 April 2014 – 31 March 2015 (183 days each)
Defence Review Milestone 1 = Reserves
Milestone 2 = Reserves
Ultimate Goal = Reserves 15

16. TOTAL RESERVE FORCE CURRENT EQUITY STATUS 31 MARCH 2015
Ser No
Population Group
Male
Female
Total a b c d 1
African
11 934
4 121
(71.1%) 2
Asian
160 32
(0.9%) 3
Coloured
2 346
512
(12.7%) 4
White
2 816
636
(15.3%) 5
Unknown 19
19 (0.1%)
Total Reserves
17 275
5 301
(100%)
Female – 23,5% (Target 30%)
Average Age – 39 16

17. SANDF RESERVE FORCE EQUITY PER RANK GROUP – 31 MARCH 2015
RACE
RANK GROUPINGS Lt
Maj
Brig
Col – Maj
Capt – 2Lt
Chaplain
WOs
SSgt – L Cpl
Pte
Total
% Total
Gen
Male 2 6 14
174
392 82
104
2 908
8 252
11 934
52.9%
Female 3 48
118 12 10
931
2 999
4 121
18.3% %
100%
46.2%
36.2%
22.2%
54%
69.1%
12%
65.3%
82.7%
16 055
71,1% 11 17 97 26
160
0.7% 5 1 13 32
0.1%
0.0%
1.6%
0,8%
2,2%
1,9%
0,3%
192
0.9% 36 54
115
755
1 373
2 346
10.4% 15 4
370
512
2,3%
3.9%
7,3%
11%
12.6%
14.9%
12.8%
2 858
12.7% 7 29
624
315 23
538
812
468
2 816
12.5% 98 42
158
232
636
2.8%
53.8%
63.8%
72.2%
37.8%
17.6%
73.4%
17.8%
4.2%
3 452
15.3%
Not Captured 19
TOTAL 47
1 000
945
136
948
5 877
13 603
22 576
GENDER
AFRICAN
ASIAN
COLOURED
WHITES 17

18. SANDF RESERVES THE UNIVERSITY RESERVE TRAINING PROGRAMME (URTP)
The URTP is a SANDF Programme in all 4 Services, aimed at the recruitment and training of mainly undergraduate and postgraduate students with
specific skills and leadership characteristics with the
objective to
qualify them for appointment into Military
Leadership positions
SA Army currently restructuring system based on pilot 18

19. SANDF RESERVES URTP PROGRESS (2011-2015) 334 298 REGION
SERVICE/ DIVISION
LEVEL OF TRAINING
UNIVERSITY
BMT
OFT
Completed
Free State
SA Army 58 54
University of the Free State,
Central University of Technology
Western Cape
SAMHS
 91 13 84 12
Universities of the Western Cape, Stellenbosch & Cape Town
Cape Peninsula University of Technology
Gauteng
SA Air Force 25 17
University of Pretoria
University of the Witwatersrand
SA Navy 14 7
University of Cape Town
University of Stellenbosch
Gauteng & North West
Log Division
 92 34
 84
 33
Universities of Pretoria & Johannesburg
Tshwane University of Technology
North West University
UNISA
TOTAL TRAINED
334
298 19

20. SANDF RESERVES WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED?
Change in demographics since 1994
Deployments – Highly rated e.g. UN
PSOs (47 coys to date)
Border Safeguarding (Includes KNP) (over 75 coys to date)
Internal operations (World Cup, Xenophobia, Public Service Strike, Home Affairs, Military Vets Registration)
Ops COPPER – SA Navy
Defence Provincial Liaison Councils (8) formed – Employer
support
Air Reserve Squadrons have a particular role – flying hours currently cut by 100% - will re-open 20

21. WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED? (2)
SANDF RESERVES
WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED? (2)
Navy Reserve INDABA – Plan to revitalise SA Navy Reserve approved by C Navy and being operationalised
SA Navy Reserves being used in combat, technical and training environments
SAMHS Reserves strategy under development – approved by SAMHS Command Council 21

22. SANDF RESERVES PROJECT PHOENIX: REJUVENATION (2003 - 2013) ITEM 10
FY2003/2004
FY2006/2007
FY2012/2013 R R R
INTERNAL, EXTERNAL DEPLOYMENTS
2005
2012
2013
1 x Coy
1 x Composite Res F Bn
1 x Res F Bn
Made up of
13 x Res F units
CTR (HQ)
CTR, CTH, RWP
First City
Grahamstown
1 x Res F Coy
12 x Res F Coys
RES F CALLED UP
FY04/
2005
FY05/
2006
FY06/
2007
FY/07
2008
FY08/
2009
FY09/
2010
FY10/
2011
FY11/
2012
FY12/
2013
FY13/
2014
4 311
4 865
4 638
7 905
8 611
10 124
10 501
10 236
10 784
10 616
FEEDING
Decentralised Recruitment & Training
ATR/ACR
Conversion training
MSDS
Feeding
1 700
4 800
6 200 (± 2 400)
FY2003/04
FY2013/14 22

23. FIRST CITY (GRAHAMSTOWN )
Freedom of Entry and Farewell parade before leaving for Border Safeguarding deployment 23

24. RESERVE MEMBERS OF FIRST CITY (GRAHAMSTOWN) DEPLOYED IN THE DRC24

25. C-COY (4th COY IN THE BN) OF FIRST CITY RECEIVING THEIR MEDALS IN THE DRC25

26. WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED? (3)
SANDF RESERVES
WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED? (3)
Integrated Ex Combatants
Regulations to the Defence Act – Published in 2009
Defence Act changed – enforced call ups in times other than war
Shooting – competitions/high standards internationally
Military Skills Competition – local and international successes 26

27. WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED? (4)
SANDF RESERVES
WHAT HAVE WE ACHIEVED? (4)
Support to the community – e.g. bridge building
Young Lions (SA Army)/Siyandiza (SAAF)/Sea Cadets (SA Navy)
Reserves addressed and supported extensively in the Defence Review & Commander’s Intent
SANDF Educational Trust supporting 64 children of which 11 dependants of Reserves 27

28. MILITARY PARADE – 10th ANNIVERSARY OF PSOs RESERVE UNIT COLOURS ON PARADE28

29. SANDF RESERVES
CONSOLIDATED RESERVE REVITALISATION AND TRANSFORMATION PLAN
The Revitalisation and Transformation Plan was approved by the Military Command Council in September 2011, subject to the availability of funds
The plan has 17 elements and it addresses all the identified challenges on Revitalisation and Transformation
Full implementation threatened by budget cuts/constraints 29

30. AREAS ADDRESSED IN THE REVITALISATION PLAN
SANDF RESERVES
AREAS ADDRESSED IN THE REVITALISATION PLAN
Design
Structure
Types
Role
Size
Leader Group
Footprint
Unit Names
Training
Legislation
Service Benefits
Utilisation
Management 30

31. CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN
SANDF RESERVES
CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN
Conversion from an unemployed Reserve to a Reserve with civilian jobs – create ongoing process
Skills development – mainly after MSDS
Job placement – currently 60% success rate
Incentives for Reserves – Educational bursaries
Employer Incentives – when staff called up
Revitalisation Plan addresses challenges – approved subject to funds which are not available 31

32. CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN (2)
SANDF RESERVES
CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN (2)
Feeder System
MSDS – not effective/sufficient. Consequently limited flow of new recruits into the SA Army and SAMHS Reserves (38% “Leakage”)
Consequences
Tempo of deployments won't be maintained
An aging Reserve
Slow transformation in Leadership 32

33. CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN (3)
SANDF RESERVES
CHALLENGES ADDRESSED IN PLAN (3)
Continuation Training – Insufficient
All Services need to invest more in training
Non Infantry Units (e.g. Artillery and Armour) at
disadvantage and capability under threat
Affects transformation- delayed promotions
Inadequate funds for leader group development
. in all Services and thus for transformation
Names of Army and SAMHS Units – under review to be more representative 33

34. SANDF RESERVES QUO VADIS?
Implementation of Defence Review & Commander’s Intent – full participation in the Defence Review Implementation Team (DRIPT)
Finalisation of Force Design
Focus on transformation
Revision of MSDS, including job placement and separate Reserve intakes – i.e. New Def Res Intake System (DRIS)
Extend SA Navy Reserve Force footprint by 65% 34

35. The above dependent on lifting of budget restrictions
SANDF RESERVES
QUO VADIS? (2)
Support National Youth Service, Young Lions, Siyandiza & Sea Cadets
Potential support to the developmental agenda
Extend role in rural development
Roll out URTP to all Provinces
Review of Legislation - Defence Act - Discrimination by employer - Moratorium Act 25 of general update
Review of Reserve Regulations to the Defence Act
The above dependent on lifting of budget restrictions 35

36. CONCLUSION
We have made significant progress with deployments and the URTP. There is commitment in the SANDF and support in the Defence Review. The focus is now on feeder systems, continuation training, leader group development and transformation.
All this is however subject to the
availability of funds and mandays 36

37. Discussion 37