1. Bell ringer Working Together # 166 Please put your HW on your desk so I can check it.

2. Comparative Electoral Systems

3. Today we will … Objectives Introduce & discuss differences in political systems, electoral systems & party systems HW Chapter 11 Congress – set #1 Agenda 1.Slides/notes 2.Video clips 3.Create your own ballots 4.FRQ practice

4. POLITICAL SYSTEMS

5. Presidential vs. Parliamentary Presidential Role of “head of State” & “head of government” are given to one person. Executive is directly elected by the people. Checks and Balances Separation of Powers Countries: U.S., Nigeria, Mexico Parliamentary Parliamentary Sovereignty “Head of state” is different from “Head of government” The majority party in the legislature elects the Executive. No separation between legislature and executive. Country: United Kingdom

6. Check for understanding How is power “fused” in a presidential system? How is power “fused” in a parliamentary system?

7. Mixed System Semi-Presidential System: prime minister coexists with a president Russia: Directly/ Popularly Elected President (Head of State) Prime Minister is appointed by the President (Head of Government)

8. Mixed System Iran (theocracy): President exists but under influence of Supreme Leader Head of Government: Directly/ Popularly Elected President Run-off election, (President Ahmadinejad originally won 17% of the vote) Head of State: Supreme Leader is appointed by the Assembly of Religious Experts.

9. Check for understanding How does the appointment of the head of state differ between Iran and Russia?

10. Organization of the Legislature Bicameral United Kingdom: Parliament House of Lords House of Commons Nigeria: National Assembly Senate House Mexico: Congress Senate Chamber of Deputies Russia: Federal Assembly Federation Council Duma Unicameral China: The National People’s Congress Iran: Islamic Consultative Assembly, “Majles”

11. Check for understanding What is the name of the legislature in … ? China Iran Russia Nigeria UK Mexico Which two bodies are unicameral?

12. ELECTORAL SYSTEMS

13. Single Member Districts (SMD) VSMulti-Member District (MMD) First Past the Post – Plurality VS “winner take all” Proportional Representation Problems with First past the post

14. District Representation Single-Member District (SMD)/ Plurality/ First Past the Post One Person per district The person who wins the most votes, wins the seat “Winner-take-all” UK Nigeria Multi-Member Districts/ Proportional Representation (PR) More than one legislative seat per district The proportion of votes the party gets = the number of seats that party gets in the district/ legislature.

15. How PR works Party List Voting Closed Party List Open Party List Mixed Member https://www.youtube.com /watch?feature=player_det ailpage&v=QT0I- sdoSXU&list=PL7679C7ACE 93A5638 https://www.youtube.com /watch?feature=player_det ailpage&v=QT0I- sdoSXU&list=PL7679C7ACE 93A5638 Single Transferable Vote Examples Mexico Chamber of Deputies Mexico Chamber of Deputies

16. Mixed Electoral Systems Russia Russia (7% threshold) Federation Council Duma Mexico Senate - three per state Chamber of Deputies (300 SMD, 200 national PR) Mexico Chamber of Deputies Mexico Chamber of Deputies

17. PARTY SYSTEMS

18. Party Systems One party System China- Electoral System? Two Party System U.K.- Electoral System? Nigeria(2.5)- Electoral System? Multi-party System Mexico- Electoral System? Iran- Electoral System? Russia- Electoral System?

19. Create your own ballot First Past the Post/ Single Member District Party List Voting Closed Party List Open Party List Mixed Member Proportional Voting Single Transferable Vote

20. CLOSURE: FRQ Practice 2011 short answer #3