1. Penguin robot helps researchers get close and personal http://www.theguardian.com/science/animal-magic/2014/nov/03/penguin-robot-behaviour

2. Announcements Papers are due TONIGHT by 11:59 PM Don’t wait until 11:59 PM to try and upload your paper. You might run into technical difficulties There were problems with plagiarism in the outlines ▫This needs to be eliminated before you turn in your reports ▫Check your Turnitin.com originality report Lab assignment: “Designing Across the Lifespan” paper

3. My robot project is this far A.All done – robot leaves arena with green beacon B.Can find green beacon – but can’t leave arena C.Can find red beacon and turn it off – but can’t find green beacon D.Can find red beacon but can’t turn it off E.Cannot find red beacon

4. Human Factors in Design

5. What are Human Factors (HF)? And why do engineers need to be concerned about them?

6. Human Factors is the application of knowledge about human characteristics to design Physical ▫Strength, size, reaction time, endurance, frailty, eyesight, fine motor skills Social/Emotional/Cultural ▫User preferences (simplicity, reliability, aesthetics, safety, cost, etc.), culturally-based behaviors (reading, speaking), acceptance Cognitive ▫Understanding cause and effect, user interface, interpreting emotions and intentions

7. Man – Machine Interface Sensory Cognitive Action Display/ Configuration Machine Processing Control Human Machine Interface/Interaction

8. Human-System Interface Senses - Vision - Hearing Psychomotor - Hands Input Devices - Buttons Output - Display - Sound INTERFACEINTERFACE US Department of Veteran Affairs

9. Human Factors also acknowledge that humans are fallible.., people make mistakes! So why consider Human Factors? Improve efficiency Ensure safety* Increase human performance (i.e., productivity) Minimize costs (economic, legal, social) *Especially critical to space/air, nuclear and healthcare industries

10. Human Factors design considerations affect product effectiveness, safety, and ultimately, desirability. Source: FDA Medical Device Use-Safety

11. Example: Healthcare-related technology is rapidly growing You hope Human Factors were considered in the design of this equipment

12. Human Factors (ergonomics) integrates knowledge from multiple fields Engineering Psychology Physiology/Kinesiology Biology Anthropology SJSU has a human factors program in the Industrial and Systems Engineering department Source: Integrated Safety Management, Berkeley Lab wikipedia

13. Astronaut interacting with a space system that was designed with human factors. (This image is in the public domain. Source: NASA)

14. Human neural prosthetics include human factors engineering, creating new interface methods. http://nitrolab.engr.wisc.edu/research.php

15. Which would be considered a Human Factor to be addressed? A.Limited memory B.Fatigue C.Development stage of user D.Cultural E.All of the above

16. Consider how human factors were included in the IDEO shopping cart design. http://www.ideo.com/work/shopping-cart-concept

18. https://worldofparis.wordpress.com/tag/carrefour/ IDEO cart idn’t take off but there were others. In Europe easy to navigate in small markets

19. Physical Domain – Consider human scale

20. Physical Domain – Consider Anthropometric Data – For example reach Source: http://www.mccauslandco.com/ Source: http://openacademyofknowledge.wikispaces.com/

21. Physical Domain – Consider Developmental Capabilities

22. Physical Domain – Assistive Technology

23. The relationship between stress and performance Stress level Area of “optimum” stress Low stress Boredom High stress Anxiety, panic Performance level Yerkes, R. M., & Dodson, J. D. (1908) The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit-formation. Journal of Comparative Neurology and Psychology, 18, 459-482 Physical Domain: Consider Effects of Stress

24. Social Domain – Cultural Norms

25. Social/Emotional Follows Social Conventions ▫Getting on elevator – wait your turn Can respond to human signals ▫Change of voice (e.g. express sympathy when you are tired) ▫Response to violent behavior Bandit-II used in hospitals

26. Social/Emotional Match robot personality to that of user Source: Tapus (2008)

27. Social/Emotional Human but not too human – “uncanny valley” Source: pinktentacle.com

28. Cognitive Domain – What do users perceive? See Woods paper Friendly? Unfriendly?

29. Cognitive Domain – What do users perceive? See Woods paper Can talk? Can’t talk?

30. Cognitive Domain - Compatibility

31. Cognitive Domain – Sometimes we don’t say what we see …. Say the color of the words that appear Optillusions.com

32. http://www.baddesigns.com/starbucks.html Ooops! There goes my coffee!!!

33. Remedy(?): An instruction card was placed next to machine http://www.baddesigns.com/starbucks.html

34. Can Opener http://www.baddesigns.com/canopen.html What’s wrong with this picture?

35. Attention to which Human Factors in the workplace could help reduce errors? A.Avoiding reliance on memory B.Making things more visible C.Simplifying processes or procedures D.Making equipment easy to operate E.All of the above

36. Designing Across the Lifespan 1 page (400-500 words) for each member of the team Discuss how to modify the design of a companion robot to serve a child or a 65+ adult Base your design decisions on information from reliable literature (see example in Canvas: Robot Module: Background Reading….) You will be submitting this in your Lab Canvas

37. Discuss some ways you might modify an assistive robot for the two audiences Source: http://www.robaid.com/

38. https://josefstetter.wordpress.com/2011/04/24/back-to-basics-interview-prepping/