1. 8. America Builds an Empire
Expansionism and Imperialism

2. Bell Ringer 10/23/14
CNN Student News
Take Notes
Summarize one story

3. Read/Look at the cartoon, then answer in your notes: According to this cartoon, how did George Washington feel about foreign policy? Explain.

4. Foreign Policy What is foreign policy?
A country’s policies towards other countries; their strategies for dealing with other countries
What did George Washington think about foreign policy?

5. Foreign Policy
Read about foreign policy on page 137 of the brown book.
You will be assigned a term to summarize IN YOUR OWN WORDS and will write it on the board.

6. Control of US Foreign Policy
A country’s policies towards other countries; their strategies for dealing with other countries
International Anarchy
Balance of Power
Foreign Policy
Summarize your assigned term in YOUR OWN WORDS
Write this chart in your notes
Control of US Foreign Policy
Traditional Foreign Policy
National Interests

7. World Power
Besides being an age of important domestic reform, the Progressive Era witnessed the emergence of the United States as a great power on the world stage.

8. Major nations had divided up most of the world into colonial possessions
The United States wanted to be part of the action.

9. Define Key Terms (homework due Monday 10/27):
Spanish-American War (138)
Joseph Pulitzer (138)
William Randolph Hearst (138)
Yellow Journalism (138)
De Lome Letter (138)
U.S.S. Maine (138)
Rough Riders (139)
San Juan Hill (139)
Imperialism(141)
Alfred Thayer Mahan (141)
American Anti-Imperialist League (141)
Queen Liliuokalani (144)
Sanford B. Dole (144)
Platt Amendment (143)
“Spheres of influence” (145)
John Hay (145)
“Open Door” Policy (145)
Boxers (145)
Boxer Rebellion (145)
Commodore Matthew Perry (145)
Treaty of Portsmouth (145)
Use the brown book, chapter 8

10. Spanish-American War

11. Write and answer these questions during the video:
ar/
How far away is Cuba from the USA?
American investors had put how much money into Cuba?
The U.S.S. ____________ entered the Cuban Harbor.
Why did McKinley send the ship into Havana?
What happened on Feb.15th?
Who did the USA declare war on?

12. Origins of the Spanish-American War
Spanish empire was beginning to crumble and retained only
Cuba
the Philippines
Puerto Rico
A few smaller islands.
Economic issues in Cuba
led the citizens to push for independence from Spain.
Jose Marti, leader
Spanish military used brutal techniques to repress the uprising.
Many died of disease and starvation.
These events raised humanitarian concerns in the U.S.

13. Yellow Press/Journalism
Newspapers of the time, in search of sensational headlines to sell papers
exaggerated the stories
This unbalanced reporting increased circulations
gave Americans an inaccurate picture of events in Cuba.
Americans also had concerns about their investments in and trade with Cuba.
Any examples of yellow press today?

14. Triggering Events McKinley Declares war in 1898
1. Battle Ship Maine Explodes
2. DeLome letter criticizes President McKinley
McKinley Declares war in 1898

15. Triggering Events cont.
Naval Ship Explodes
De Lome Letter
U.S.S. Maine sent to Cuba to protect Americans and property
Havana Harbor
Exploded, sunk, killed 258 Americans
Spanish ambassador
Written and published in U.S. newspapers
Called President McKinley “weak”
McKinley Declares war in 1898

16. War Lasts 4 Months Fought on two fronts
The Pacific and the Caribbean.
U.S. defeated the Spanish in every battle.
Theodore Roosevelt raised a Navy volunteer force
known as the Rough Riders
Their attack on San Juan Hill, Cuba
Made Roosevelt a national hero.
American forces occupied
the Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Guam.
Marks the end of Spain's colonial empire and the emergence of the US as a world power.

17. Bell Ringer
CNN Student News
Summarize one event

18. Review: Spain’s Empire began to crumble, losing territories
Issues in Cuba & brutal tactics from Spanish
Americans had millions invested in Cuba
Yellow Journalism
USS Maine Explodes and DeLome letter critcizes McKinley
4 month war, America defeats USA
Roosevelt and Rough Riders
USA becomes world power

19. Imperialism
a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force
With the end of the Spanish-American War, America occupied Spain’s old territories

20. The Arguments for Imperialism
Explanation
1. Colonies would give America materials for factories and a place to sell American goods
1. Need for Raw Materials and Markets
2.Colonies promote American Naval strength to protect American Interests
2. Strategic Reasons
3. Imperialism would show the pride an strength of America; the USA should get colonies before all the other countries did
3. Nationalism
4. Anglo-Saxon Superiority: Americans were a “superior race” that should rule others
Spread of Christianity: convert natives
4. Attitudes towards other Peoples

21. Alfred Thayer Mahan, Historian
Wrote The Influence of Sea Power upon History (1890)
Focused on the harsh political realities of expansion.
In order to achieve world power a country needed
a powerful navy
a large merchant marine
A world power needed
colonies
naval bases to provide coaling stations
Needed trade to support merchant ships
Advocated seizure of Pacific trade routes, construct a canal through Central America, and dominate the Caribbean region.

22. Anti-Imperialists Argument
Many Americans felt uneasy about forcing control of other countries
Felt that imperialism violated the basic democratic principles of self-government.
American Anti-Imperialist League was formed
opposed the acquisition of colonies

23. Imperialists Win the Argument
US acquires a colonial empire:
the Philippines, Guam, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Samoa, and Midway
Cuba had been promised independence before the war was fought.
Platt Amendment altered that somewhat.
United States had the right to intervene in Cuban affairs at any time.

24. Imperialist USA Worksheet
The United States gained territories in
The Pacific
East Asia
Caribbean
Use the brown books to complete the worksheet and take a closer look at these territories
Chapter 8: America Builds an Empire

25. America in the Pacific Philippines: Hawaii: Guam: Midway: Samoa:
Angry that they did not receive independence.
Engaged in a long and almost forgotten war with US until they were defeated in 1902.
Hawaii:
Queen Liliuokalani was overthrown by American landowners in 1893.
Sandford B. Dole led the provisional government until the island was annexed by the U.S.
Guam:
Taken as a result of the Spanish-American War
Midway:
Obtained in 1867
Samoa:
Divided between Germany and U.S. in 1899.

26. America and East Asia
Control of islands in the Pacific gave Americans opportunities for trade with both China and Japan.
China had been partitioned off into various “spheres” blocking the U.S. from trade
John Hay and the Open Door notes
opened China up to American trade.
In 1853, Matthew Perry landed in Japan and opened trade there.
Japan became an imperialist nation
Defeated the Russians in the Russo-Japanese War
Theodore Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize for negotiating the treaty

27. America in the Caribbean
U.S. did not release Cuba from it’s “protectorate” status until 1930s.
Cuba controlled by the USA
Theodore Roosevelt funded a Panamanian revolt from Colombia in order to gain access too the Isthmus of Panama to build the canal connecting the two oceans

28. Challenges of Building the Panama Canal
Took 10 years ( ) to complete
Cost $400 million
Thousands of lives lost
Many from diseases from the tropical climate
Intense heat
Yellow Fever
Two doctors worked to improve conditions:
Dr. Walter Reed and Dr. William Gorgas

29. Caribbean is seen as an American Lake
Using the “Monroe Doctrine”
U.S. insisted that European nations no longer colonize the Americas.
In 1904, Roosevelt added the “Roosevelt Corollary”.
Known as the Big Stick Policy
was used to justify sending U.S. troops to the West Indies and Central America

30. Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy
Encouraged bankers to invest in the countries of the Caribbean region.
By lending money to Latin American nations, the US could then exert influence on that nation.
It was a way to influence foreign policy without force.

31. Woodrow Wilson’s Policy
Tried to stay away from what he called the “bullying tactics” of the previous presidents.
Sent troops to Haiti, Nicaragua, and the Dominican Republic
To protect American interests.
Purchased the Virgin Islands from Denmark in 1917
When troops of the rebel leader Pancho Villa in Mexico murdered Americans in New Mexico
Wilson sent American troops into Mexico under the command of John J. Pershing
Withdrew those troops in 1917 when U.S. entered World War I.