1. VET RHINO FUND Christelle Fourie Marketing & Communications Director South African Veterinary Association

2. NUMBER OF RHINO POACHED IN SOUTH AFRICA

3. POACHED…

4. WHERE WILL IT END?

5. WHY?

6. Traditional demand for rhino horn Use of rhino horn as an ingredient in medicine began in China many years ago. It is generally used in combination with other medicinal ingredients, resulting in a wide range of conditions for which it has been traditionally indicated: o To eliminate toxins (“hang-overs”) o Treat baldness o Reducing fevers o Treat cancer o Aphrodisiac

7. Pharmacological Effects Most of the studies in China, found statistically significant pharmacological effects for rhino horn: anti- pyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, pro-coagulant, among others. Two studies done outside Asia (in the UK and South Africa) found NO PHARMACOLOGICAL effects at all for rhino horn or other animal horns.

8. FOR THIS? FOR THIS? Rhino horn = keratin NO bony core!

9. So why the sudden increase? Rapid economic growth in Asia Higher disposable income – middle class Increasing ill-health (higher cancer rates) – “Cured by Rhino horn” statements from a high-ranking Vietnamese politician & two “celebrity” medical specialists in Vietnam & China. Status culture – “Ferrari Factor” ORGANISED CRIME!!!

10. Can poaching be stopped? International Regulations & Policing National Regulations & Policing Reducing the expected income from poaching by causing a drop in the price of rhino horn (Pro- Trading) vs. TOTAL ban on trading Influence (to raise ) the direct costs of poaching ; o Increasing the probability of detection ; o Increasing the probability of capture ; o Increasing the probability of punishment ; o Increasing the severity of punishment. Decrease demand (Education; Awareness; Revulsion; Fury)

11. VET RHINO FUND The increase in the number of rhinos being poached in South Africa has a direct effect on veterinarians. The SAVA is raising funds to assist vets where necessary. VETS are already making a difference:

12. Vets are United Against Poaching! Veterinarians are making a difference by : Preventing poaching: Dehorning rhino Horn infusion (poisoning) Translocation

13. Vets are United Against Poaching! Forensics o Crime Scene Investigation & Management o Ballistics o Forensic pathology o Legislation – giving evidence in court o Rhino horn DNA profiling test is now available to match a rhino horn sample to carcass material or linked to a crime scene. Later linked to confiscated horns and then to convicting of perpetrators

14. Vets are United Against Poaching! Research o ENT Surgery o Clinical Pathology Clinical work: o Emergency Rescue o Survivors o Assisting private practitioners o Snares o Fighting Education; Awareness

15. VET RHINO FUND Three Vet Funds under the Vet Rhino Fund umbrella: 1.SA Veterinary Association Rhino Fund 2.SA Veterinary Foundation Rhino Fund 3.Saving the Survivor Fund

16. VET RHINO FUND SA VETERINARY ASSOCIATION RHINO FUND GOALS: 1.Country-veterinary workshops to enable veterinarians to share knowledge/ experience regarding the best treatment available for animals that survived poaching: Full day presentations:  Forensics / crime scene  Treatment of survivors  Methods to prevent poaching: Horn infusion Dehorning Practical sessions

17. Vets at a practical workshop in Mpumalanga

18. Dehorning a rhino

19. VET RHINO FUND Higgins months after the poaching incident

20. VET RHINO FUND Higgins and Lady after receiving repeated treatments

21. VET RHINO FUND SA Veterinary Association Rhino Fund goals: 2. Expenses of Rhino Response Team: To assist the veterinarians in affording orphan rhinos as well as rhino poaching survivors the best possible treatment. The fund pays the travelling and accommodation costs when necessary.

22. VET RHINO FUND SA Veterinary Association Rhino Fund goals: 3. Education of kids at schools

23. VET RHINO FUND

24. Frik du Preez SA Veterinary Foundation Rhino Fund Goals: Assist with research on diseases that threatens the rhinoceros Assist law enforcement officers to make successful arrests using DNA technology

25. VET RHINO FUND Saving the Survivor Fund goals:

26. Saving the Survivors:

27. Treatment of survivors:

28. Treatment takes time… Day 29 Day 164

29. VET RHINO FUND Saving the Survivor Fund Goals: Assist and support veterinarians Treat poaching survivors  Regular visits to re-evaluate animals To gain knowledge by treatment and research  Research on the head of the rhino  Research on the anatomy of the rhino Rhino Support Unit

30. VET RHINO FUND Rhino Support Unit: Due to the size, location and often the extent of the injuries, rhinos cannot be moved. Veterinarians attend to these rhinos in the field and need an off-road mobile support unit stocked with the necessary medical equipment. In order to do this we need the following items: Double cab 4 x 4 vehicle Trailer (off-road) Veterinary digital radiography and ultrasound equipment Fridge Three-phase generator Insurance for all of the above Diesel

31. VET RHINO FUND VET RHINO FUND Saving the Survivor Fund:

32. VET RHINO FUND How can YOU help? Raise awareness Support a worthy / legitimate Rhino Fund Donate funds to the Vet Rhino Fund VET RHINO FUND