1. Education and Training ADD PHOTO HRE and replace this box Main Conclusions and Challenges ahead Andrejs Rauhvargers and David Crosier Education and Training

2. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Eurydice EHEA Context Economic crisis: clear impact on funding and jobs Expansion: continuing Demography: decline of younger populations -> Bologna must be a response to these challenges 2

3. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Eurydice Degree system Two cycle implementation improved: 37 green (26 in 2012) No single model in both cycles: 1st cycle: 180 to 240 ECTS / 2nd cycle: 60 to 120 ECTS Combined length 240 - 360 ECTS. Too large variations cause recognition issues Short-cycle programmes: status and purposes differ Progression to the next cycle: additional courses & examinations often required by some students.

4. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Access of first cycle graduates to the second cycle Share of first-cycle students continuing studies in a second- cycle programme

5. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Qualifications frameworks 38 countries in 'green zone', but 10 others have not started implementation at institutional and programme level, and some show no progress since 2012. 2015 Report 2012 Report 2410 1413 718 02 34

6. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training ECTS and student-centred learning ECTS used for both accumulation and transfer practically everywhere. Although linking credits with LOs has progressed, some (7) systems still mis-allocate credits on the basis of a combination of student workload and teacher-student contact hours. In a small group of countries student-centred learning is not mentioned in policy documents, and this approach to learning is not valued

7. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training All but one EHEA countries have ratified the LRC In 10 countries the main principles of LRC are specified in national legislation HEIs make most decisions upon recognition of qualifications and all decisions on credits gained abroad Revised ESG includes duty of the QA to monitor recognition Pathfinder group has demonstrated that automatic level recognition can be achieved with political commitment Recognition processes within HEIs can be facilitated by implementation of the European Recognition Area Manual for HEIs and relevant training activities Recognition of qualifications and credits

8. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Eurydice Quality Assurance Dynamic evolution continues... However, lack of systematic attention to social dimension Participation of stakeholders sometimes still problematic Slow progress in allowing EQAR-registered agencies to work across EHEA 8

9. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Eurydice Openness to cross border QA 2015 Report 8 4 8 5 23

10. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Eurydice Student participation in QA 2015 Report 2012 Report 1411 7 13 75 77

11. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Eurydice Social Dimension Inclusive higher education remains a clear aspiration: policy, action and monitoring less clear Gender: male student under-representation is an issue, and particular study fields show strong imbalance Parental education: strong predictor of attainment Migrants: much less likely to attain a degree Commitment to policy with clear, measurable targets (since 2007), but few countries have delivered… 11

12. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Lifelong Learning Still a necessity - because of changing economic, demographic and social environment In 2/3 of countries, less than 6% of adults with higher education obtained qualification over the age of 30 Adult needs not sufficiently addressed in system planning Many systems have work to do on access, RPL, flexible learning paths

13. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Outcomes and Employability Graduate jobs hit by crisis, although graduates are still better off than lesser educated in 2/3 countries (reality not the same everywhere in EHEA) Non completion rates worryingly high: 3 out of 10 fail to finish a programme they start Measures such as labour market forecasting under-developed Employability of disadvantaged students/graduates ignored

14. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Internationalisation and mobility National strategy and action lacking, with countries tending to be reactive to developments (eg joint degrees, MOOCs) " With a view to promoting student mobility, Ministers will take the necessary steps to enable the portability of national loans and grants" Only 10 countries have full portability Although mobility data are limited, little evidence of significant change

15. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Balanced degree mobility? High out + Low inHigh in + high out High in + low out Low out + low in LIMITED OPEN CLOSED ATTRACTIVE

16. Date: in 12 pts Education and Training Thanks to everyone who contributed to the report: Eurostat, Eurostudent, Eurydice, BFUG Available online at EHEA & Eurydice websites Order printed copies: david.crosier@ec.europa.eu