Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byPhilip Randall Modified over 9 years ago
1
Introduction to System Analysis and Design - Dr. Mahmoud Abu-Arra - Dr. Mahmoud Abu-Arra - Mr. Ahmad Al-Ghoul System Analysis and Design
2
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD2 Learning Objectives Describe the systems development life cycle Describe the systems development life cycle Discuss Systems Development Guidelines Discuss Systems Development Guidelines
3
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD3Introduction Systems development life cycle (SDLC) is a common methodology for system development in many organizations; it features several phases that mark the progress of the systems analysis and design effort Every text book and information systems development organization uses a slightly different life cycle model SDLC involves a series of phases. You can think about SDLC like constructing a building. First, you would list specific objectives for the project. Then you might hire an architect to present an overall concept and create a set of drawings to show how the building will fulfill your objectives. Later, you would need detailed blueprints for the workers. When the building is done, you would check it out, test everything, turn it over to the new occupants, and make sure they are satisfy with the results.
4
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD4 The Systems Development Life Cycle An idea Planning and Analysis Design and Implementation operation, security and support and support Time
5
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD5 The Systems Development Life Cycle SDLC is Series of steps used to manage the phases of development for an information system SDLC is Series of steps used to manage the phases of development for an information system SDLC used to plan and manage the systems development process SDLC used to plan and manage the systems development process The life cycle can be thought as a circular process in which the end of the useful life of one system leads to the beginning of anther project that will develop a new version or replace an existing system altogether The life cycle can be thought as a circular process in which the end of the useful life of one system leads to the beginning of anther project that will develop a new version or replace an existing system altogether SDLC is not necessary to be sequentially ordered set of phases, the specific steps and their sequence are meant to be adapted as required for a project SDLC is not necessary to be sequentially ordered set of phases, the specific steps and their sequence are meant to be adapted as required for a project In a SDLC you can complete some activates in one phase in parallel with some activates of anther phase In a SDLC you can complete some activates in one phase in parallel with some activates of anther phase
6
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD6 The Systems Development Life Cycle In some cases the SDLC is iterative; that is, phases are repeated as required until an acceptable system is found In some cases the SDLC is iterative; that is, phases are repeated as required until an acceptable system is found The SDLC used in an organization is an orderly set of activates conducted and planned for each development project The SDLC used in an organization is an orderly set of activates conducted and planned for each development project Each activity or phase in the SDLC has specific outcomes that feed important information to other phases Each activity or phase in the SDLC has specific outcomes that feed important information to other phases
7
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD7 The Systems Development Life Cycle Each of the phases include a set of steps, which rely on techniques that produce specific document files that provide understanding about the project. Each of the phases include a set of steps, which rely on techniques that produce specific document files that provide understanding about the project. Individual companies use customized life cycles Individual companies use customized life cycles
8
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD8 The Systems Development Life Cycle Traditionally pictured as a waterfall model Traditionally pictured as a waterfall model In waterfall model the result of each phase, which is called end product, flaws sequentially into the next phase In waterfall model the result of each phase, which is called end product, flaws sequentially into the next phase The adjacent phases interact, as shown by dotted lines The adjacent phases interact, as shown by dotted lines
9
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD9 The Systems Development Life Cycle Alternative model Alternative model In the alternative model of the SDLC, planning, analysis, and design interact continuously, followed by implementation and operation and support In the alternative model of the SDLC, planning, analysis, and design interact continuously, followed by implementation and operation and support interactive model depicting real world practice and the constant dialog among users, managers, and systems developers interactive model depicting real world practice and the constant dialog among users, managers, and systems developers
10
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD10 The Systems Development Life Cycle System development life cycle includes the following steps: System development life cycle includes the following steps: Systems planning Systems planning Systems analysis Systems analysis Systems design Systems design Systems implementation Systems implementation Systems operation, support, and security Systems operation, support, and security Planning Systems Operation and Support Implementation Design Analysis
11
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD11 The Systems Development Life Cycle Systems planning Systems planning Purpose is to identify the nature and scope of the business opportunity or problem Purpose is to identify the nature and scope of the business opportunity or problem Systems request – begins the process & describes problems or desired changes in an information system or business process Systems request – begins the process & describes problems or desired changes in an information system or business process Systems planning includes preliminary investigation to identify the nature and scope of the business opportunity or problem. The outcome of preliminary investigation will affect the entire development process. A key part of the preliminary investigation is a feasibility study that reviews costs and benefits and recommends a course of action based on operational, technical, economic and time factors. Systems planning includes preliminary investigation to identify the nature and scope of the business opportunity or problem. The outcome of preliminary investigation will affect the entire development process. A key part of the preliminary investigation is a feasibility study that reviews costs and benefits and recommends a course of action based on operational, technical, economic and time factors.
12
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD12 The Systems Development Life Cycle Systems Analysis Systems Analysis Purpose is to build a logical model of the new system Purpose is to build a logical model of the new system The analysis phase answers the questions of who will use the system, what the system will do, and where and when it will be used. The analysis phase answers the questions of who will use the system, what the system will do, and where and when it will be used. During this phase the project team investigates any current systems, identifies improvement opportunities, and develops a concept for the new system. During this phase the project team investigates any current systems, identifies improvement opportunities, and develops a concept for the new system. First step is requirements modeling, where you investigate business processes and document what the new system must do. To understand the system, you perform fact-finding using techniques such as interviews, surveys, document review, observation, and sampling First step is requirements modeling, where you investigate business processes and document what the new system must do. To understand the system, you perform fact-finding using techniques such as interviews, surveys, document review, observation, and sampling End product is the System requirements document which describes management and user requirements, costs, and benefits, and outline alternative development strategies. End product is the System requirements document which describes management and user requirements, costs, and benefits, and outline alternative development strategies.
13
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD13 The Systems Development Life Cycle Systems Design Systems Design In this phase the designer decided how the system will operate, in terms of the hardware, software, and network infrastructure; the user interface, forms, and reports that will be used; and the specific programs, databases, and files that will be needed. In this phase the designer decided how the system will operate, in terms of the hardware, software, and network infrastructure; the user interface, forms, and reports that will be used; and the specific programs, databases, and files that will be needed. Purpose is to create a blueprint that will satisfy all documented requirements Purpose is to create a blueprint that will satisfy all documented requirements Identify all outputs, inputs, and processes Identify all outputs, inputs, and processes Avoid misunderstanding through manager and user involvement Avoid misunderstanding through manager and user involvement End product is system design specification End product is system design specification Logical Design Logical Design Concentrates on business aspects of the system Concentrates on business aspects of the system Physical Design Physical Design Technical specifications Technical specifications
14
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD14 The Systems Development Life Cycle Systems Implementation Systems Implementation New system is constructed New system is constructed Write, test, & document programs Write, test, & document programs File conversion occurs File conversion occurs Users, managers, IT staff trained to operate and support the system Users, managers, IT staff trained to operate and support the system System evaluation performed, to determine whether the system operates properly and if costs and benefits are within expectations. System evaluation performed, to determine whether the system operates properly and if costs and benefits are within expectations.
15
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD15 The Systems Development Life Cycle Systems Operation, Support, and security Systems Operation, Support, and security New system supports operations New system supports operations Maintenance changes correct errors or meet requirements Maintenance changes correct errors or meet requirements Enhancements increase system capability by provide new features and benefits Enhancements increase system capability by provide new features and benefits The objective during this phase is to maximize return on the IT investment The objective during this phase is to maximize return on the IT investment Security controls safeguard the system from both external and internal threats Security controls safeguard the system from both external and internal threats A well-designed system will be secure, reliable, maintainable, and scalable so it can expand to meet new business requirements and volumes A well-designed system will be secure, reliable, maintainable, and scalable so it can expand to meet new business requirements and volumes After several years of operation, systems need extensive changes After several years of operation, systems need extensive changes SDLC ends with system replacement SDLC ends with system replacement
16
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD16 Systems Development Guidelines With experience as a system analyst, you will develop your own style and techniques. Although each project is different and have its constraints, rules, so you can decide which methods and technique you will use, you should consider some basic guidelines as you build an information system. With experience as a system analyst, you will develop your own style and techniques. Although each project is different and have its constraints, rules, so you can decide which methods and technique you will use, you should consider some basic guidelines as you build an information system. Planning: Planning: stick to an overall development plan stick to an overall development plan Involve users throughout the development process Involve users throughout the development process Ensure that users are involved in the development process, especially when identifying and modeling system requirements Ensure that users are involved in the development process, especially when identifying and modeling system requirements Listening is Very Important Listening is Very Important The best system is the one that meets user needs most effectively. When you interact with users, you must put aside any preconceived notations and listen closely The best system is the one that meets user needs most effectively. When you interact with users, you must put aside any preconceived notations and listen closely
17
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD17 Systems Development Guidelines Create a Time Table with Major Milestones Create a Time Table with Major Milestones Identify major milestones for project review and assessment. At those milestones, managers and systems developers must decide whether to proceed with the project, redo certain tasks, return to earlier phase, or terminate the project Identify major milestones for project review and assessment. At those milestones, managers and systems developers must decide whether to proceed with the project, redo certain tasks, return to earlier phase, or terminate the project Identify Interim Checkpoints Identify Interim Checkpoints Establish interim checkpoints between major milestones to ensure that the project remains on schedule Establish interim checkpoints between major milestones to ensure that the project remains on schedule Remain Flexible Remain Flexible System development is a dynamic process, and overlap often exists between the phases of system planning, analysis, design, and implementation System development is a dynamic process, and overlap often exists between the phases of system planning, analysis, design, and implementation Develop Accurate Cost and Benefit Information Develop Accurate Cost and Benefit Information Provide accurate and reliable cost estimation and benefit information to managers at start of each phase Provide accurate and reliable cost estimation and benefit information to managers at start of each phase
18
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD18 Sequence Summary In this Sequence we have In this Sequence we have Described the systems development life cycle Described the systems development life cycle Distinguished between Traditional SDLC as a waterfall model and the Alternative SDLC model Distinguished between Traditional SDLC as a waterfall model and the Alternative SDLC model Defined system planning, system analysis, system design, system implementation, System Operation, Support, and security Defined system planning, system analysis, system design, system implementation, System Operation, Support, and security Discussed systems development guidelines Discussed systems development guidelines
19
Avicenna System Analysis and Design Introduction to SAD19 Reference [1] System Analysis and Design, Sixth Edition Authors: Gary B. Shelly, Thomas J. Cashman and Harry J. Rosenblatt, Authors: Gary B. Shelly, Thomas J. Cashman and Harry J. Rosenblatt, Publisher: SHELLY CASHMAN SEWIES. [2] Modern Systems Analysis and Design Third Edition Authors: Jeffrey A. Hoffer, Joey F. George, Joseph S. Valacich Authors: Jeffrey A. Hoffer, Joey F. George, Joseph S. Valacich Publisher: prentice hall Publisher: prentice hall [3] System Analysis and Design, 3 rd Edition Authors: Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Publisher: John Wiley & sons
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.