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Do Now 11/19/14 What is Shamanism? Explain the beliefs.
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Do Now 11/19/14 Shamanism- belief that certain people could communicate with spirits Known as shamans Mostly women Carried out rituals-songs, dances, and chants to convince spirits to help people People believed shamans could cure illnesses
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Clear Targets Compare the major features of Shinto, Japan’s indigenous religion, and Japanese Buddhism Examine the Japanese nation during the Nara period
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CHAPTER 9 LESSON 2 EARLY JAPAN Mrs. Stoll 7 th Grade Social Studies
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Geography & Settlement Japan lies to the east of Korea and China Japan is an archipelago- chain of islands Because of mountains only a small amount of Japan’s land can be farmed Many Japanese built villages along the coast and fished Japan was isolated-separated- from the rest of Asia As a result, Japan developed a independent civilization
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Map of Japan
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The First Settlers First settlers probably arrived from northeastern Asia around 20,000 years ago About 300 B.C. a group of people, the Yayoi (YAH- yoy) brought farming to Japan By A.D. 300 Yayoi had organized into clans Each clan was headed by a warrior chief who protected the people
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The First Settlers The Yayoi were also skilled metalworkers, made pottery, and grew rice. Bronze bell created by the Yayoi
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The Yamato During the A.D. 500s a clan called the Yamato ruled most of Japan Yamato chiefs claimed to be descended from a sun goddess who sent her grandson to rule over the people of Japan According to legend a Yamato leader named Jimmu was the great-grandson of this goddess Jimmu took the title “emperor of heaven” and became the first emperor of Japan
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Shinto: Way of the Spirits Early Japanese believed in animism- belief that humans, animals, plants, rocks, and rivers all have their own spirits People believed they could call on the kami or the nature spirits for help To show respect Japanese worshipped at holy places These beliefs developed into a religion called Shinto
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Shinto: Way of the Spirits Shinto means “way of the spirits” It has contributed to the Japanese love of nature; simplicity, cleanliness, and good manners Shinto later became linked to Japan’s rulers Their duties included taking part in Shinto rituals to ensure the well-being of Japan
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The Otaku Shrine (Shinto Shrine)
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RjHhFgvq_c o&index=94&list=PL8LHC5iLKDgNGaiwLxahrPo D1jEvrJ2vx Visiting a Shinto Shrine
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Prince Shotoku About A.D. 600 a Yamato prince name Shotoku ruled Japan on behalf of his aunt He wanted to give Japan a strong, well-organized government, so Shotoku created a constitution; or plan of government The emperor was an all-powerful rule and the Japanese were expected to obey him Specific rules in the constitution based on the ideas of Confucius, stated how they should perform their duties
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Prince Shotoku Shotoku admired Chinese civilization and wanted the Japanese to learn from it Officials and students studied Buddhism, as well as Chinese art, philosophy, and medicine After Shotoku’s death, officials continued to use China as a model for Japan
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Prince Shotoku In A.D. 646, the Yamato began the Taika, or Great Change Japan was divided into districts ruled by officials who reported to the emperor All farmland was placed under the emperor’s control Clan leaders could oversee the farmer’s work, but government officials now collected taxes Taika reforms created Japan’s first strong government
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The Nara Period In early A.D. 700s, Japanese emperors built a new capital city called Nara During this period, the Japanese emperors ranked government officials into a hierarchy They did not use examinations to hire officials The emperor gave positions to nobles from powerful families In return for their service these officials received large farms
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The Nara Period The emperor’s control of the land gave him great power Buddhist teachings had reached Japan from Korea in the A.D. 500s During the Nara period Buddhism was powerful in Japan In A.D. 770 a Buddhist monk tried to seize the throne Disturbed by the incident the emperor decided to leave Nara for a new capital
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Todaiji temple- a Buddhist temple
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hle43IAxF6s &index=1&list=PL4pu0lQKMr73JHrSl3714EZy3 9PqESg4F Todaiji Temple
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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review Title paper: Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review Answer questions #1-5 on page 223 Include textual evidence
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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review How does a constitution benefit society?
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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review How does a constitution benefit society? Offers a standard set of rules by which everyone in the country must live
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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review Why was early society in Japan isolated?
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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review Why was early society in Japan isolated? Japan is composed of islands and was therefore largely isolated from other nations, like China and Korea
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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review How did animism affect people’s views about nature?
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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review How did animism affect people’s views about nature? Early Japanese believed all things in nature are alive If humans, animals, plants, rocks, and rivers had their own spirits they would gain importance and merit greater respect
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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review What was Prince Shotoku’s main reform in government?
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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review What was Prince Shotoku’s main reform in government? He wrote Japan’s first constitution, or plan of government Made the emperor an all-powerful ruler and forced all of the people to obey him
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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review How did the Japanese way of hiring officials differ from the Chinese during the Nara period?
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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 Review How did the Japanese way of hiring officials differ from the Chinese during the Nara period? The Chinese used a system of examinations (civil service examinations) to hire government officials In Japan, officials were appointed by the emperor and mostly came from wealthy noble families
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Reflection: Shinto Narrative Choose an object that can be found in nature, such as an animal, flower, or specific kind of leaf. Write a fictional short story about the first time your nature spirit was called upon to help someone. Who called for help How did they call for help What was the problem How did your nature spirit help; or was your nature spirit able to help
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